to convert him into the mere feeble simulacrum of a normal man. An appeal
to the _paiderastia_ of the best Greek days, and the dignity, temperance,
even chastity, which it involved, will sometimes find a ready response in
the emotional, enthusiastic nature of the congenital invert. Plato's
Dialogues have frequently been found a source of great help and
consolation by inverts. The "manly love" celebrated by Walt Whitman in
_Leaves of Grass_, although it may be of more doubtful value for general
use, furnishes a wholesome and robust ideal to the invert who is
insensitive to normal ideals.[262]

Among recent books, _Iolaeus: An Anthology of Friendship_, edited
by Edward Carpenter, may be recommended. A similar book in
German, of a more extended character, is _Lieblingminne und
Freudesliebe in der Weltliteratur_, edited by Elisar von Kupffer.
Mention may also be made of the _Freundschaft_ (1912) of Baron
von Gleichen-Russwurm, a sort of literary history of friendship,
without specific reference to homosexuality, although many
writers of inverted tendency are introduced. Platen's
_Tagebuecher_ are notable as the diary of an invert of high
character and ideals. The volumes of the _Jahrbuch fuer sexuelle
Zwischenstufen_ contain many studies bearing on the ideal and
esthetic aspects of homosexuality.

Various modern poets of high ability have given expression to
emotions of exalted or passionate friendship toward individuals
of the same sex, whether or not such friendship can properly be
termed homosexual. It is scarcely necessary to refer to _In
Memoriam_, in which Tennyson enshrined his affection for his
early friend, Arthur Hallam, and developed a picture of the
universe on the basis of that affection. The poems of Edward
Cracroft Lefroy are notable, and Mr. John Gambril Nicholson has
privately issued several volumes of verse (_A Chaplet of
Southernwood, A Garland of Ladslove_, etc.) showing delicate
charm combined with high technical skill. Some books mainly or
entirely written in prose may fairly be included in the same
group. Such are _In the Key of Blue_, by John Addington Symonds,
and the _Memoirs of Arthur Hamilton_ (published anonymously by a
well-known author, A.C. Benson), in which on somewhat Platonic
lines the idea is worked out that the individual sufferer must
pass "from the love of one fair fo