are
propagated by seeds, cuttings, or layers. _Berberis stenophylla_ and _B.
Neuberti_ do not come true from seed, so that one or both of the other
methods mentioned above must be adopted.

LEGUMINOSAE.--In this order such genera as _Cytisus_ (Broom), _Genista_
(Rock Broom), _Spartium_ (Spanish Broom), _Ononis_, _Indigofera_,
_Colutea_ (Bladder Senna), _Caragana_ (Siberian Pea tree), and _Cercis_
(Judas tree) should be raised from seed, which is the quickest and best
method of propagation. Cuttings of certain forms of _Cytisus_ and
_Genista_ will root readily, but the plants will sometimes die off just
as they have attained flowering size. _Ulex_ (Furze, Whin, or Gorse) is
propagated by seeds or cuttings, and _Wistarias_ by seeds or by
layering.

ROSACEAE.--This includes _Prunus_, the shrubby forms of which can, in
the majority of cases, be increased by cuttings or layers; _Spiraea_ and
_Kerria_ (Jews' Mallow), cuttings of which root readily at almost any
time of the year; _Exochorda_ (Pearl Bush), must be raised from seed to
do any good; _Rubus_ (Brambles), some of which can be propagated by
suckers, and the remainder by pegging the points of the shoots down to
form young plants; _Rosa_ (Rose), the species of which should be
increased by seeds, cuttings, or layers, though seeds will not always
come true, as Roses become hybridised very readily; and _Cotoneaster_,
which are increased by seeds, cuttings, or layers.

SAXIFRAGEAE.--In this order _Hydrangea_, _Deutzia_, _Philadelphus_ (Mock
Orange), _Escallonia_, and _Ribes_ (Flowering Currant) are included. All
are easily propagated by cuttings taken in almost any season of the
year. With the exception of Hydrangea, which should be struck under
glass, all the members of this order root readily outdoors in the
winter.

CAPRIFOLIACEAE.--This order contains such genera as _Sambucus_ (Elder),
_Viburnum_, _Lonicera_ (Honeysuckle), _Symphoricarpus_ (Snowberry tree),
_Abelia_, _Leycesteria_, and _Diervilla_ (Weigela). All are easily
propagated by cuttings or by layering. The cuttings can be taken at
almost any time of the year, and root quickly, the young plants
attaining a good size by the end of the second year.

ERICACEAE.--This order includes all the so-called American plants, such
as _Pernettya_, _Gaultheria_, _Leucothoe_, _Andromeda_, _Pieris_,
_Zenobia_, _Erica_ (Heath), _Calluna_ (Common Heather, Ling), _Kalmia_,
_Ledum_, _Clethra_, and _Rhododendron_ (including _Az