idy and Soiled Clothing.=--All boys and girls should learn to keep
their clothing as clean as possible. Do not wipe the hands on the
clothing, or sit down in the dirt, or let food smear the front of the
coat or dress.

The sweat is constantly bringing waste matter out of the body. This
soils the clothing next to it. On this account clothing to be washed
every week or oftener should be worn next to the skin. Very thin
cotton underclothing should be worn in summer. Woolen clothes give
more warmth for winter.

[Illustration: FIG. 53.--Showing how to prevent the shoe from pressing
on corns caused by wearing tight shoes or socks roughly darned.]

=Shoes.=--Badly fitting shoes cause sore feet and much pain. A shoe
that is tight across the toes is sure to cause corns. A _corn_ is a
thickened part of the top skin which presses on the more tender part
beneath. Soaking the feet in hot water and filing off the top of the
corn or using a corn plaster will help it. Shoes should always be a
half inch longer than the foot. Waterproof shoes or rubbers should be
worn in wet weather. Rubbers should not be worn in the house.

=Alcohol and Clothing.=--Many persons think that a drink of whisky will
make them warm when taken on a cold day. For this reason whisky is
sometimes used when clothing is really needed. The use of whisky or any
other alcoholic drink will not make the body warm. It may make one feel
warm because it loosens the muscles in the blood tubes of the skin and
so lets more blood come to the surface. In this way the body becomes
colder because too much blood gets into the skin and is then chilled by
the cold air. As alcohol deadens the feeling it may prevent one from
feeling cold when the body is really very cold. Too little clothing and
too much alcohol have been known to cause men to freeze to death.

=Experience in using Alcohol to keep the Body Warm.=--Doctor Hayes,
who went as physician with Doctor Kane to explore in the Arctic
regions, said that he would never again take alcoholic drink with him
on such a trip. He declared alcohol was of no use in helping men to
keep warm. He found from actual experience that those who use alcohol
cannot endure cold so well as other people.

Doctor Carpenter, a well-known physician, tells of a crew of sixty-six
men who tried to stay in Hudson Bay all winter. They used some
alcoholic drink. Only two of the party lived through the winter. Later
another party of twenty-two men passed