S. Cambyses, after having gained a battle, pursued the
enemy to Memphis; besieged the city, and soon took it: however, he treated
the king with clemency, granted him his life, and assigned him an
honourable pension; but being informed that he was secretly concerting
measures to reascend his throne, he put him to death. Psammenitus reigned
but six months: all Egypt submitted immediately to the victor. The
particulars of this history will be related more at large, when I come to
that of Cambyses.

Here ends the succession of the Egyptian kings. From this aera the history
of this nation, as was before observed, will be blended with that of the
Persians and Greeks, till the death of Alexander. At that period, a new
monarchy will arise in Egypt, founded by Ptolemy the son of Lagus, which
will continue to Cleopatra, that is, for about three hundred years. I
shall treat each of these subjects, in the several periods to which they
belong.

BOOK THE SECOND. THE HISTORY OF THE CARTHAGINIANS.

Part The First. Character, Manners, Religion, And Government Of The
Carthaginians.

SECT. I. CARTHAGE FORMED AFTER THE MODEL OF TYRE, OF WHICH THAT CITY WAS A
COLONY. The Carthaginians were indebted to the Tyrians, not only for their
origin, but for their manners, language, customs, laws, religion, and
their great application to commerce, as will appear from every part of the
sequel. They spoke the same language with the Tyrians, and these the same
with the Canaanites and Israelites, that is, the Hebrew tongue, or at
least a language which was entirely derived from it. Their names had
commonly some particular meaning:(504) thus _Hanno_ signified _gracious_,
_bountiful_; Dido, _amiable_, or _well-beloved_; Sophonisba, _one who
keeps faithfully her husband's secrets_. From a spirit of religion, they
likewise joined the name of God to their own, conformably to the genius of
the Hebrews. Hannibal, which answers to Hananias, signifies _Baal_, [or
_the Lord_] _has been gracious to me_. Asdrubal, answering to Azarias,
implies, _the Lord will be our succour_. It is the same with other names,
Adherbal, Maharbal, Mastanabal, &c. The word Poeni, from which Punic is
derived, is the same with Phoeni, or Phoenicians, because they came
originally from Phoenicia. In the _Poenulus_ of Plautus, is a scene written
in the Punic tongue, which has very much exercised the learned.(505)

But the strict union which always subsisted between the Ph