ometimes the same space was occupied by a single arch; and in this tier
was the triforium or gallery. In the third tier or clerestory were
frequently arcades of three arches connected together, the middle one of
which was higher and broader than the others: and all these three occupied
a space only equal to the span of the lowest arch. Blank arcades were also
much used in the exterior walls, as well as in the interior of rich
Norman buildings; and some of the arches which composed them were often
pierced for windows.

Q. What were the mouldings principally used in the decoration of Norman
churches?

A. The chevron, or zig-zag, which is not always single, but often
duplicated, triplicated, or quadrupled.

[Illustration]

[Illustration]

The reversed zig-zag.

[Illustration]

The indented moulding.

[Illustration]

The embattled moulding.

[Illustration]

The dovetail moulding.

[Illustration]

The beak head.

[Illustration]

The nebule, chiefly used for the fascia under a parapet.

[Illustration]

The billet.

[Illustration]

The square billet, or corbel bole, used for supporting a blocking course.

[Illustration]

The cable moulding.

[Illustration]

The double cone.

[Illustration]

The pellet, or stud.

[Illustration]

The hatched, or saw tooth.

[Illustration]

The nail head.

[Illustration]

The lozenge.

[Illustration]

The studded trellis.

[Illustration]

The diamond fret.

[Illustration]

The medallion.

[Illustration]

The star.

[Illustration]

The scalloped or invected moulding.

[Illustration]

A variety of other mouldings and ornamental accessories are also to be met
with, but those above described are the most common.

Q. What kind of string-course do we usually find carried along the walls
of Norman churches, just below the windows?

A. A string-course similar in form to the common Norman abacus, with a
plain face and the under part bevelled, is of most frequent occurrence; a
plain semihexagon string-course is also often to be met with. Sometimes
the string-course is ornamented with the zig-zag moulding.

[Illustration: Norman Mouldings, from Binham Church, Norfolk, and
Peterborough.]

Q. What difference is there as to their general character and appearance
between the early and late examples of Norman architecture?

A. The details of those buildings early in the style are characterized by
their massiveness, simplicity, and plain