me. We also find numerous awls and
splinters of flint and bone, which they doubtless used in exactly the
same manner as similar tools are used by the Lapps to-day in Europe,
that is, to pierce holes in the hides, through which to pass their rude
needle and thread. The needles are made of reindeer horn, and they were
not only smoothly polished, but the eyes are of such a minute size, and
withal so regularly made, that many at first could not believe they were
drilled by the use of flint alone. This, however, has been shown to
be the case by actual experiments. The thread employed was reindeer
tendons, for bones of these animals are found cut just where they would
he cut in removing these tendons. This cut shows that they protected
their hands by means of long gloves of three or four fingers.<25>

Illustration of Glove, Incised on Bear's Tooth.-----------

We have thus far been considering those arts which pertain more directly
to living. We have presented some sketches found engraved on pieces
of bone. We first noticed this among the relics found in one of the
Creswell caves in England. It was also noticed in Belgium. It was among
the Cave-men of Southern France that this artistic trait became highly
developed. Among the reindeer hunters of the Dordogne were artists of no
mean ability. We must pause a minute and mark the bearing of this taste
for art. We have seen many reasons for supposing the men of the caves
much farther advanced in the scale of culture than those of the Drift,
but we have also seen that we can not rank them higher than the highest
grade of savages.

Sir John Lubbock thus speaks of them: "In considering the probable
condition of these ancient Cave-men, we must give them full credit for
their love of art, such as it was; while, on the other hand, the want of
metal, of polished flint implements, and even of pottery, the ignorance
of agriculture, and the apparent absence of all domestic animals,
including even the dog, certainly imply a very low state of
civilization."<26>

They were certainly not as far advanced in civilization as the next
race we will describe, yet the Neolithic people had no such skill as
was possessed by the cave-men. This need not surprise us, because "an
artistic feeling is not always the offspring of civilization, it is
rather a gift of nature. It may manifest its existence in the most
barbarous ages, and may make its influence more deeply felt in nations
which are behind