, which harmonized well with the rich
yellow brown of the stone itself."<11>

Thus it will be seen this valley has been a favorite resort for people
at widely different times, and amongst others, the cave dwellers of
the Paleolithic Age. As in the caves of Belgium, some of them are at a
considerable height above the stream, while others are but little above
the present flood line. Mr. Dawkins refers us to the results of the
exploration of a French scientist in one of the grottoes of this
section, which seem to be exactly similar to the results obtained from
the caves of Cresswell Crags and Kent's Cavern. The implements obtained
from the two lower strata are rough choppers and rude flakes of jasper
and other simple forms. Above these beds was a stratum of black earth,
underneath a sheet of stalagmite. Here were found implements of a far
higher type: those of flints, consisting of flakes, saws, and scrapers,
with finely chipped heads and arrow-heads, and awls and arrow-heads of
bone and antler.<12> Now these results can only be interpreted as were
those in the English caverns. The lower and ruder implements belong to
the men of the Drift; the later and more polished ones to the Cave-men.

Illustration of Bone Implements, Dordogne Caves.-------------

Most of the relics obtained from these caverns belong to the Cave-men
proper. However, the implements from one of them, known as Le Moustier,
are of a rude type, and may belong to those of the Drift. But most of
them are of superior make and finish. These specimens are all from caves
in this vicinity.<13>

We have seen that the men of the Drift were very widely scattered over
the earth. We find, however, that the Cave-men had a much more limited
range. Dr. Fraas has shown their presence in Germany. At Schussenreid,
in Bavaria, was found an open air station of these people. It was
evidently a camping-ground, one of the few places where proofs of their
presence have been discovered outside of caves. Here we found the usual
_debris,_ consisting of broken bones, charcoal, blackened hearth-stone,
and implements of flint and horn. We must stop a minute to notice a bit
of unexpected proof as to the severity of climate then prevailing in
Europe. This deposit was covered up with sand, and on this sand were
the remains of moss, sufficiently perfect to determine the kind. We are
assured that it is composed of species now found only in Alpine regions,
near or above the snow-line,