al: 44
1,524 to 2,437 m: 14
914 to 1,523 m: 20
under 914 m: 10 (2004 est.)

Military Chad

Military branches:
Chadian National Army (Armee Nationale Tchadienne, ANT), Air Force,
Gendarmerie (2004)

Military service age and obligation:
20 years of age for conscripts, with 3-year service obligation; 18
years of age for volunteers; no minimum age restriction for
volunteers with consent from a guardian (2004)

Manpower available for military service:
males age 20-49: 1,559,382 (2005 est.)

Manpower fit for military service:
males age 20-49: 834,695 (2005 est.)

Manpower reaching military service age annually:
males: 95,228 (2005 est.)

Military expenditures - dollar figure:
$101.3 million (2004)

Military expenditures - percent of GDP:
2.1% (2004)

Transnational Issues Chad

Disputes - international:
since 2003, Janjawid armed militia and Sudanese military have
driven about 200,000 Darfur region refugees into eastern Chad; Chad
remains an important mediator in the Sudanese civil conflict;
Chadian Aozou rebels reside in southern Libya; only Nigeria and
Cameroon have heeded the Lake Chad Commission's admonition to ratify
the delimitation treaty which also includes Chad and Niger

Refugees and internally displaced persons:
refugees (country of origin): 200,000 (Sudan) 30,000 (Central
African Republic) (2004)

This page was last updated on 20 October, 2005

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@Chile

Introduction Chile

Background:
Prior to the coming of the Spanish in the 16th century, northern
Chile was under Inca rule while Araucanian Indians inhabited central
and southern Chile; the latter were not completely subjugated until
the early 1880s. Although Chile declared its independence in 1810,
decisive victory over the Spanish was not achieved until 1818. In
the War of the Pacific (1879-84), Chile defeated Peru and Bolivia
and won its present northern lands. A three-year-old Marxist
government of Salvador ALLENDE was overthrown in 1973 by a
dictatorial military regime led by Augusto PINOCHET, who ruled until
a freely elected president was installed in 1990. Sound economic
policies, maintained consistently since the 1980s, have contributed
to steady growth and have helped secure the country's commitment to
democratic and representative government. Chile has increasingly
a