d normal schools may find suggestions in the material
here brought together, and that teachers in active school work may also
receive some practical help therefrom, the writer has been encouraged
to place the outlines at the disposal of the public. If they shall
prove of service to his colleagues and their students elsewhere, his
aim and purpose will be fully met.

CALVIN OLIN DAVIS

_University of Michigan_
_April, 1914_

THE CONTENTS

PAGE

_Introduction_ iii

I. DEFINITIONS 1

II. ASPECTS OF HISTORY 1

III. SOURCE MATERIAL FOR HISTORY 2

IV. CONCEPTIONS OF THE PURPOSE AND CONTENT OF HISTORY 6

V. NOTABLE INFLUENCES AND PERSONS THAT HAVE MODIFIED
THE CONCEPTION OF THE MEANING OF HISTORY IN THE
LAST CENTURY 7

VI. HISTORY IN THE CURRICULUM 9

VII. VALUE AND AIMS OF HISTORY 11

VIII. ELEMENTS OF HISTORY 18

IX. METHODS OF APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF HISTORY 22

X. THE PROCESS OF LEARNING HISTORY 23

XI. THE ORGANIZATION OF HISTORY IN HIGH SCHOOLS 25

XII. THE HISTORY TEACHER'S PREPARATION AND EQUIPMENT 26

XIII. THE PUPIL'S PREPARATION AND EQUIPMENT 27

XIV. THE CLASSROOM 28

XV. THE ASSIGNMENT OF THE LESSON 29

XVI. THE STUDY LESSON 30

XVII. THE RECITATION LESSON 31

XVIII. THE REVIEW LESSON 35

XIX. THE LESSON IN CIVICS 35

XX. SOME PRINCIPLES OF HISTORY DOGMATICALLY STATED 36

XXI. SOME POSITIVE GUIDES AND SUGGESTIONS 37

_Bibliography on Methods_ 40

_A Selected List of American Historical Fiction_ 42

A GUIDE TO METHODS AND OBSERVATION IN HISTORY

STUDIES IN HIGH SCHOOL OBSERVATION

I. _Definitions._

1. History is the science of the development of men in their
activity as so