This might be taken for granted as to 1854, 1870, and 1884. That
it was equally true in my mind of 1859 may be seen by any one who
reads my budget speech of July 18, 1859. I defended the provision
as required by and for the time, and for the time only. The
occasion in that year was the state of the continent. It was
immediately followed by the China war (No. 3) and by the French
affair (1861-2), but when these had been disposed of economy
began; and, by 1863-4, the bulk of the new charge had been got rid
of.

There is also the case of the fortifications in 1860, which would
take me too long to state fully. But I will state briefly (1) my
conduct in that matter was mainly or wholly governed by regard to
peace, for I believed, and believe now, that in 1860 there were
only two alternatives; one of them, the French treaty, and the
other, war with France. And I also believed in July 1860 that the
French treaty must break down, unless I held my office. (2) The
demand was reduced from nine millions to about five (has this been
done now?) (3) I acted in concert with my old friend and
colleague, Sir James Graham. We were entirely agreed.

_Terse figures of new estimates_

The "approximate figure" of charge involved in the new plan of the
admiralty is L4,240,000, say 4-1/2 millions. Being an increase
(subject probably to some further increase in becoming an act)

1. On the normal navy estimate 1888-9 (_i.e._ before the Naval
Defence Act) of, in round numbers, 4-1/4 millions

2. On the first year's total charge under the Naval Defence Act of
(1,979,000), 2 millions

3. On the estimates of last year 1893-94 of 3 millions

4. On the total charge of 1893-4 of (1,571,000), 1-1/2 million

5. On the highest amount ever defrayed from the year's revenue
(1892-3), 1-1/2 million

6. On the highest expenditure of any year under the Naval Defence
Act which included 1,150,000 of borrowed money, 359,000

Mr. Gladstone's Cabinet Colleagues. (Page 525)

_The following is the list of the seventy ministers who served in cabinets
of which Mr. Gladstone was a member_:--

1843-45. Peel.
Wellington.
Lyndhurst.
Wharncliffe.
Haddington.
Buccleuch.
Aberdeen.
Graham.
Stanley.
Ripon.
Hardinge.