are
now engaged. To aim anything less will only end in lifeless and
mechanical system from which the soul of reality has passed
away."[28]

He was called, on the 18th December 1913, and was put to a searching
examination by the Members of the Royal Commission. The evidence that he
gave is instinct with patriotism and is highly remarkable for its
simplicity and directness about the things he said. To the Chairman
(Lord Islington) he stated that he "favoured an arrangement by which
Indians would enter the higher ranks of the service, either through the
Provincial Service or by direct recruitment in India. The latter class
of officers, after completing their education in India, should
ordinarily go to Europe with a view to widening their experience. By
this he did not wish to decry the training given in the Indian
Universities, which produce some of the very best men, and he would not
make the rule absolute. It was not necessary for men of exceptional
ability to go to England in order to occupy a high chair. Unfortunately,
on account of there being no openings for men of genius in the
Educational Service, distinguished men were driven to the profession of
Law. In the present condition of India a larger number of distinguished
men were needed to give their lives to the education of the people.

"... The educational service ought to be regarded not as a profession,
but as a calling. Some men were born to be teachers. It was not a
question of race, of course; in order to have an efficient educational
system, there must be an efficient organisation, but this should not be
allowed to become fossilised, and thus stand in the way of healthy
growth.... A proportion of Europeans in the service, was needed, but
only as experts and not as ordinary teachers. Only the very best men
should be obtained from Europe and for exceptional cases. The general
educational work should be done entirely by Indians, who understood the
difficulties of the country much better than any outsider. He advocated
the direct recruitment of Indians in India by the local Government in
consultation with the Secretary of State, rather than by the Secretary
of State alone. Indians were under a great difficulty, in that they
could not remain indefinitely in England after taking their degrees and
being away from the place of recruitment their claims were overlooked.
There was no reason why a European should be paid a higher rate of
salary than an Indi