t he was 'not at
home.'--Purcell, i. pp. 245-9.

[190] For a full account of this book and its consequences the reader
will always consult chapters xi., xii., and xiii., of Mr. Wilfrid Ward's
admirably written work, _William George Ward and the Oxford Movement_.

[191] It was in the midst of these laborious employments that Mr.
Gladstone published a prayer-book, compiled for family use, from the
anglican liturgy. An edition of two thousand copies went off at once,
and was followed by many editions more.

[192] _William George Ward_, p. 332.

[193] The story is told in Purcell, _Manning_, i. p. 318.

[194] Joseph Goerres, one of the most famous of European publicists and
gazetteers between the two revolutionary epochs of 1789 and 1848. His
journal was the _Rhine Mercury_, where the doctrine of a free and united
Germany was preached (1814-16) with a force that made Napoleon call the
newspaper a fifth great power. In times Goerres became a vehement
ultramontane.

[195] See Friedrich's _Life of Doellinger_, ii. pp. 222-226, for a letter
from Doellinger to Mr. Gladstone after his visit, dated Nov. 15, 1845.

[196] _Hansard_, June 6, 1844.

[197] To Manning, April 5, 1846.

[198] To Manning, April 19, 1846.

Book III

_1847-1852_

CHAPTER I

MEMBER FOR OXFORD

(_1847_)

There is not a feature or a point in the national character which
has made England great among the nations of the world, that is not
strongly developed and plainly traceable in our universities. For
eight hundred or a thousand years they have been intimately
associated with everything that has concerned the highest interests
of the country.--GLADSTONE.

In 1847 the fortunes of a general election brought Mr. Gladstone into
relations that for many years to come deeply affected his political
course. As a planet's orbit has puzzled astronomers until they discover
the secret of its irregularities in the attraction of an unseen and
unsuspected neighbour in the firmament, so some devious motions of this
great luminary of ours were perturbations due in fact to the influence
of his new constituency. As we have seen, Mr. Gladstone quitted Newark
when he entered the cabinet to repeal the corn law. At the end of 1846,
writing to Lord Lyttelton from Fasque, he tells