its nature neither
wholly executive nor wholly legislative, but to partake of the nature of
both, a _part_ of the legislature is properly associated with the
president. As the senate, being less numerous than the house, is capable
of acting more promptly as well as more easily convened and at less
expense, that body is more properly united with the executive in the
exercise of this power. And it is equally proper that the power to
appoint embassadors and others by whom treaties are negotiated, should
be placed in the same hands.

Sec.5. Treaties are negotiated; that is, the provisions or terms are
arranged and agreed upon, by the agents of the two governments; and a
copy of the articles of agreement is sent to each government to be
approved and confirmed, or, as it is usually expressed, to be
_ratified_. Both governments must ratify, or the treaty fails. Treaties
are ratified, on the part of our government, by the president and
senate. This is what is meant by their making treaties. The persons by
whom treaties are negotiated are sometimes appointed by their
governments for that special purpose; but the business is perhaps more
frequently done by the permanent representatives or ministers of the
respective governments.

Sec.6. Each of the principal civilized nations has some officer at home
who acts as agent in negotiating treaties and transacting business with
foreign governments, and has also a representative at the seat of each
foreign government for this purpose, and for keeping his government,
apprised of what is done abroad. Our government has a minister in Great
Britain, one in Russia, one in France, one in Spain, and one in each of
the other principal commercial nations; and each of these nations has a
minister residing at the city of Washington, the seat of government of
the United States. The officer of our government who corresponds with
foreign ministers here, and with our ministers abroad, is the secretary
of state. The negotiation of treaties at home with the ministers of
foreign governments residing here, is done by him.

Sec.7. Representatives at foreign courts have different names or titles:
embassadors, envoys, ministers, and charges des affaires. An embassador
who is intrusted with the ordinary business of a minister at a foreign
court, is called an _embassador in ordinary_. An _embassador
extraordinary_ is a person sent on a particular occasion, who returns as
soon as the business on which he was