he shoulder is once embroidered the mystic swastika.[507]

[Illustration: Charlemagne's Dalmatic
The Vatican, Rome]

[Illustration: Charlemagne's Dalmatic
The Vatican, Rome]

[Illustration: Pl. 55.
Details of Charlemagne's Dalmatic. Vatican Treasury.]

[Illustration: Pl. 56.
Cope called "of St. Silvester." Treasury of St. John Lateran, Rome.
English Embroidery, thirteenth century.]

Rock says, "Those who have seen, in the sacristy of St. Peter's at
Rome, that beautiful light-blue dalmatic said to have been worn by
Charlemagne when he sang the gospel at High Mass, at the altar vested
as a deacon, the day he was crowned Emperor in that church by Pope
Leo III., will remember how plentifully it is sprinkled with crosses
between its exquisite embroideries, so as to make the vestment a real
'stauracin.'"[508]

[Illustration: Pl. 57.
Portion of the Cope at St. John Lateran, showing its condition.]

[Illustration: Pluvial, English, XIII. Century
Museum at Bologna]

[Illustration: Pl. 59.
The Daroca Cope. Museum at Madrid. Opus Anglicanum, fourteenth
century.]

[Illustration: Pl. 60.
Portion of the Cope of Boniface VIII., twelfth century. From
Anagni. Now in the Vatican Collection.]

[Illustration: Pl. 61.
Altar Frontal from Anagni, Italy.]

Signor Galletti, Professor of Embroidery to the Pope, says it is
undoubtedly of the eighth century. It has been suggested that the
design is of the date of the Exarchate. It is, however, something of
infinitely finer style; it is noble, simple Greek.

Charlemagne's dalmatic is embroidered mostly in gold--the draperies in
basket-work and laid stitches; the faces in white silk split-stitch,
flat, with finely-drawn outlines in black silk. The hair, the shadowy
part of the draperies, and the clouds are worked in fine gold and
silver thread with dark outlines. The hands, feet, and draperies have
a fine bas-relief effect. (Plate 53, 54, 55).

The "pluvial of St. Silvester," in the church of St. John Lateran at
Rome, is probably, from its Gothic style, of the time of Boniface
VIII. (thirteenth century).[509] It never served St. Silvester, except
as being perhaps dedicated to him. On seeing it, one is convinced that
it is English. It has one peculiarity of English Gothic design in the
canopies being supported by twisted pillars of vine-stems, in this
case intersected by green shoots, and carrying leave