and in no other school in these days could order have been taught, and
in no other way could political consolidation be so quickly effected.

Necessary as the military stage was, it was merely provisional, it must
be succeeded by the industrial stage. Meantime, we are in the
transitional stage between the two, for we have defensive instead of
offensive military organisation, which is becoming more and more
subordinate to industrial production.

The military stage corresponded with the theological stage, belonged to
the same _regime_, had common antipathies and sympathies as well as
general interests, and could not have worked without the aid of
theological convictions to give blind confidence in military superiors.
The industrial stage corresponds with the positive stage; it is akin in
spirit, in origin, and in destination. The transitional stage, again,
corresponds with the metaphysical stage. Only on these three dualisms
which I have established can a sound historical philosophy be based.

HENRY GEORGE

Progress and Poverty

Henry George was born at Philadelphia on September 2, 1839. After
spending some years at sea, he reached California in 1858, became a
printer, and later a journalist and director of the public library
in San Francisco. In 1871 he published "Our Land Policy," and this
was afterwards developed into "Progress and Poverty: an Inquiry
into the Causes of Industrial Depressions, and of Increase of Want
with Increase of Wealth," issued in 1879. The book soon acquired a
world-wide reputation, not only from the eloquence and beauty of
its diction, but from the author's novel theory of land taxation.
In 1880 George removed to New York, published a book on the Irish
land question, and for some years afterwards undertook a succession
of missionary journeys to Great Britain, Australia, and New
Zealand, the result of which was the foundation of the English Land
Reform Union, the Scottish Land Restoration League, and the
legislative adoption by the different Australasian colonies of his
scheme of the taxation of land values. Among other economic works
he issued were "Protection or Free Trade," "The Condition of
Labour," and "A Perplexed Philosopher." George died on October 29,
1897.

_I.--Wages, Capital, and Wealth-Distribution_

The past century has been marked by a prodigious increase in
wealth-produ