s, _Mod. Hinduism_, 195.

[81] Wilkins, _Mod. Hinduism_, 317.

[82] Hearn, _Japan_, 11.

[83] _Ibid._, 16.

[84] _Ibid._, 391.

[85] _Ibid._, 199.

[86] _Ibid._, 191.

[87] Hearn, _Japan_, 107, 187, 411.

[88] Williams, _Middle Kingdom_; Smith, _Chinese
Characteristics_.

[89] Nivedita, _Web of Indian Life_, 150.

CHAPTER II

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MORES

Introduction.--The mores have the authority of facts.--Whites
and blacks in southern society.--The mores are unrecorded.--
Inertia and rigidity of the mores.--Persistency of the mores.--
Persistency against new religion.--Roman law.--Effects of Roman
law on later mores.--Variability of the mores.--The mores of
New England.--Revolution.--The possibility of modifying the
mores.--Russia.--Emancipation in Russia and in the United
States.--Arbitrary change in the mores.--The case of Japan.--
The case of India.--The reforms of Joseph II.--Adoption of the
mores of another age.--What changes are possible.--Dissent from
the mores. Group orthodoxy.--Retreat and isolation to start new
mores.--Social policy.--Degenerate and evil mores.--The
correction of aberrations in the mores.--The mores of advance
and decline; cases.--The Greek temper in prosperity.--Greek
pessimism.--Greek degeneracy.--Sparta.--The optimism of
advance and prosperity.--Antagonism between an individual and
the mores of the group.--Antagonism of earlier and later
mores.--Antagonism between groups in respect to mores.--
Missions and mores.--Missions and antagonistic mores.--
Modification of the mores by agitation.--Capricious interest of
the masses.--How the group becomes homogeneous.--Syncretism.--
The art of administering society.

In this chapter we have to study the persistency of the mores with their
inertia and rigidity, even against a new religion or a new "law," i.e. a
new social system (secs. 80-87); then their variability under changed
life conditions or under revolution (secs. 88-90); then the possibility
of making them change by intelligent effort, considering the cases of
Japan, India, and the reforms of Joseph II (secs. 91-97); or the
possibility of changing one's self to adopt the mores of another group
or another age (secs. 98-99). We shall then consider the dissent of an
individual or a sect from the current mores, with judgm