o that in fracture; (3) as a rule, in
luxations, if the ligamentous and muscular tissues about the joint are
not badly torn, the displacement, when reduced, does not recur.

_Prognosis._--The prognosis of a luxation is comparatively less serious
than that of a fracture, though at time the indications of treatment may
prove to be so difficult to apply that complications of a very severe
character may arise.

_Treatment._--The treatment of luxations must, of course, be similar to
that of fractures. Reduction, naturally, will be the first indication in
both cases, and the retention of the replaced parts must follow. The
reduction involves the same steps of extension and counter extension,
performed in the same manner, with the patient subdued by anesthetics.

The difference between the reduction of a dislocation and that of a
fracture consists in the fact that in the former the object is simply to
restore the bones to their true, normal position, with each articular
surface in exact contact with its companion surface, the apparatus
necessary afterwards to keep them in situ being similar to that which is
employed in fracture cases, and which will usually require to be
retained for a period of from 40 to 50 days, if not longer, before the
ruptured retaining ligaments are sufficiently firm to be trusted to
perform their office unassisted. A variety of manipulations are to be
used by the surgeon, consisting in pushing, pulling, pressing, rotating,
and, indeed, whatever movement may be necessary, until the bones are
forced into such relative positions that the muscular contraction,
operating in just the right directions, pulls the opposite matched ends
together in true coaptation--a head into a cavity, an articular eminence
into a trochlea, as the case may be. The "setting" is accompanied with a
peculiar, snapping sound, audible and significant, as well as a visible
return of the surface to its normal symmetry.

_Special dislocations._--While all the articulations of the body are
liable to this form of injury, there are three in the large animals
which may claim a special consideration, viz:

THE SHOULDER JOINT.

We mention this displacement without intending to imply the
practicability of any ordinary attempt at treatment, which is usually
unsuccessful, the animal whose mishap it has been to become a victim to
it being disabled for life. The superior head of the arm bone as it is
received into the lower cavity of the s