; Quebec, ancient capital of, 70; government of,
under France, 156-167; ceded to England, 263; military regime
of, 268; political state from 1763-1867, 338-379; confederation
of, 370-374, 391, 392, 404; railway building, 416; canals and
waterways, 418; growth of manufacturing industries, 419, 420;
bounty system, 419; population of, in 1908, 424, 425; French
population of, 425; intellectual progress of, 425-429; revenue
and expenditure, 425; government of, 426-429, relations with
England, 428-429; awakening of national consciousness, 432;
treaty-making power still withheld from, 433; map of (1643), 44;
(1745), 221; (1896), opposite p. 1. _See_ French Canadians
Canadian Air Board, 480
Canadian Manufacturers' Association, 422
Canadian Pacific Railway, 392, 396, 414, 417
Canals of Canada, 358
Cape Breton, Island of; discovered, 23-26; named Ile Royale, 210;
ceded to England, 215; restored to France, 219; ceded again
to England, 264; government of, under France, 210, 211; part
of Nova Scotia, 303. _See_ Louisbourg
Card money of French Canada, 162
Carignan-Salieres regiment, 152, 166
Carleton, General (Sir Guy), at siege of Quebec, 250; Canadian
Governor, 277; saves Canada, 280, 283-287; becomes Lord
Dorchester and again Governor, 301
_Caroline_, burning of steamer, 354
Caron, Sir Adolphe, 396
Cartier, Jacques, his voyages, 30-46; autograph and portrait
of, 31; discovers Canada, 34; first map of his discoveries, 44;
death of, 46
Cartier, Sir George, Canadian statesman, 372; his character and
services to Canada, 408-412; autograph and portrait of, 411;
monument to, 413
Cartwright, Sir Richard, Canadian statesman, 298
Cascade Mountains, 17
Cataraqui (Kingston), 184
Cayngas, division of Iroquois Confederacy, 118. _See_ Iroquois
Celeron, in the Ohio Valley, 223
Chaleur, Bay of, discovered, 32
Champlain, Helen, wife of Samuel Champlain, 77
Champlain, Lake, name of, 73
Champlain, Samuel, 48; first autograph and portrait of, 69;
founds Quebec, 70; battles with the Iroquois, 72-75, 81-85;
first visit to the Ottawa region, 78-80: his lost astrolabe,
79; discovers Lake Huron (_mer douce_), 82; surrenders Quebec
to Kirk, 88; returns to Canada, 89; death of, 90; his services
to Canada, 91; visit to Canada, 149
_Chansons_ of French Canada. _See_ Ballads
Charlottetown, city of, founded