shall not be construed to deny or
disparage others retained by the people."

[1]Popular education must command the sympathy and respect of the
people in each locality in order to remain "popular." While the State,
therefore, enforces a general system of public schools, it leaves all
the details of local management with the people most closely related to
the particular school. The people esteem that which they create and
control.

[2]McCleary's _Studies in Civics_.

SUGGESTIVE QUESTIONS.

1. Why are the smaller political communities subject to the State?

2. Give the names of the thirteen original States.

3. What is meant by States having different industries and occupations?

4. How do State institutions develop the self-reliance of the people?

5. Name some acts of government which you have seen the State perform.

6. What are charitable institutions?

7. How is justice administered?

8. Wherein are the people of this country freer than other people?

9. How long must a person live in this State to entitle him to vote?

10. What is meant by being secure in person?

11. Read the bill of rights in the constitution of your State.

12. What is a body politic?

13. Why can not the whole people assemble to form a State constitution?

14. What is meant by taking private property for public use?

15. How may the right to speak and print be abused?

16. What is meant by the military being subordinate to the civil power?

17. Are all cases tried by jury?

QUESTION FOR DEBATE.

_Resolved_, That there should be an educational qualification for
suffrage.

CHAPTER VIII.

THE STATE--(Continued).

GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS.--The State government is based upon the State
constitution. It has a legislative department charged with the making
of the laws, an executive department to enforce the laws, and a
judicial department to explain and apply the laws. Each of the
departments is independent of the others, being supreme within its own
sphere.

The American people believe that the functions of making, of enforcing,
and of explaining the laws, should forever be separate and distinct.
Experience has shown that it is dangerous to the liberties of the
people to permit either of the three departments of government to
trespass upon the functions of the others. Therefore, the limits of
each department are well defined, and its power closely guarded, by the
constitution and laws of the State.