ssia
wants to interfere again; and though, when the union takes place,
I believe Russia will repent it, still it will always be to
Russia that they will look till the union is accomplished.

"I suppose the Turks are capable of appreciating what they gained
by the Treaty of Berlin. _They were fully aware that the Treaty
of San Stephano was their_ coup de grace. But the Treaty of
Berlin was supposed to be beneficial to them. Why? By it Turkey
lost _not only Bulgaria_ and _Roumelia_ (for she has virtually
lost it), but _Bosnia_ and _Herzegovina_, while she gained the
utterly impossible advantage of occupying the Balkans, with a
hostile nation to north and south.

"I therefore maintain that the Treaty of Berlin did no good to
Turkey, but infinite harm to Europe.

"I will now go on to the Cyprus convention, and say a few words
on the bag-and-baggage policy. Turkey and Egypt are governed by a
ring of Pashas, most of them Circassians, and who are perfect
foreigners in Turkey. They are, for the greater part, men who,
when boys, have been bought at prices varying from L50 to L70,
and who, brought up in the harems, have been pushed on by their
purchasers from one grade to another. Some have been dancing boys
and drummers, like Riaz and Ismail Eyoub of Egypt. I understand
by bag-and-baggage policy the getting rid of, say, two hundred
Pashas of this sort in Turkey, and sixty Pashas in Egypt. These
men have not the least interest in the welfare of the countries;
they are aliens and adventurers, they are hated by the
respectable inhabitants of Turkey and Egypt, and they must be got
rid of.

"Armenia is lost; it is no use thinking of reforms in it. The
Russians virtually possess it; the sooner we recognise this fact
the better. Why undertake the impossible?

"What should be done? Study existing facts, and decide on a
definite line of policy, and follow it through. Russia, having a
definite line of policy, is strong; we have not one, and are weak
and vacillating. 'A double-minded man is unstable in all his
ways.'

"Supposing such a line of policy as follows was decided upon and
followed up, it would be better than the worries of the last four
years:--

"1. The complete purchase of Cyprus.

"2. The abandonment of the Asia Minor r