n:

2.858 million bbl/day (2007 est.)

Oil - exports:

5.08 million bbl/day (2007)

Oil - imports:

73,140 bbl/day (2005)

Oil - proved reserves:

60 billion bbl (1 January 2008 est.)

Natural gas - production:

656.2 billion cu m (2007 est.)

Natural gas - consumption:

610 billion cu m (2007 est.)

Natural gas - exports:

237.2 billion cu m (2007 est.)

Natural gas - imports:

58.3 billion cu m (2007 est.)

Natural gas - proved reserves:

47.57 trillion cu m (1 January 2008 est.)

Current account balance:

$78.31 billion (2007 est.)

Exports:

$355.5 billion (2007 est.)

Exports - commodities:

petroleum and petroleum products, natural gas, wood and wood
products, metals, chemicals, and a wide variety of civilian and
military manufactures

Exports - partners:

Netherlands 12.2%, Italy 7.8%, Germany 7.5%, Turkey 5.2%, Belarus
5%, Ukraine 4.7%, China 4.5% (2007)

Imports:

$223.4 billion (2007 est.)

Imports - commodities:

machinery and equipment, consumer goods, medicines, meat, sugar,
semifinished metal products

Imports - partners:

Germany 13.3%, China 12.2%, Ukraine 6.7%, Japan 6.4%, US 4.8%,
Belarus 4.4%, South Korea 4.4%, Italy 4.3% (2007)

Economic aid - recipient:

$982.7 million in FY06 from US, including $847 million in
non-proliferation subsidies

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:

$476.4 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Debt - external:

$356.5 billion (31 December 2007)

Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:

$271.6 billion (2006)

Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:

$209.6 billion (2006)

Market value of publicly traded shares:

$1.322 trillion (2006)

Currency (code):

Russian ruble (RUB)

Currency code:

RUR

Exchange rates:

Russian rubles (RUB) per US dollar - 25.659 (2007), 27.19 (2006),
28.284 (2005), 28.814 (2004), 30.692 (2003)

Communications
Russia

Telephones - main lines in use:

43.9 million (2006)

Telephones - mobile cellular:

170 million (2007)

Telephone system:

general assessment: the telephone system is experiencing significant
changes; there are more than 1,000 companies licensed to offer
communication services; access to digital lines has improved,
particularly in urban centers; Internet and e-mail services are
improving; Russia has made progress toward building the
telecommunications infrastructure necessary for a