willing to go and his wife goes unwillingly.

Fourth, the immigrants should not be flimflammed into paying
excessive prices for undeveloped land. So far as Wisconsin is
concerned, competition takes care of this, provided the home seeker
gets into communication with our department. To illustrate: One
concern in Chicago, operating in Bayfield County, Wisconsin, is
asking forty and forty-five dollars an acre for cut-over land no
better than may be obtained from lumber and railroad companies for
half this figure.

Fifth, there is a tendency on the part of land salesmen to load up
the immigrant with more land than he can use, or sometimes pay for.
Eighty acres makes a good-sized farm for one family to develop and
handle, and this is the size of tract recommended.

Sixth, the back-to-the-lander should be a man in good physical
condition. I believe that it is a mistake to put men on the land
who are not heavy enough for farm work. The man should weigh not
less than two pounds for every inch of his height, which is the
army standard.

Seventh, it is a mistake to encourage people to go on the land
after the time for the spring work has passed. I mean by this that
under our conditions the settler has to construct a small house and
do some brushing and clearing in order to grow vegetables for
himself and a small amount of winter feed for his stock.

Eighth, the back-to-the-lander has too many fake ideas about the
amount of money to be made in farming. Under our conditions the
settler is putting money into his land and not taking very much out
the first two or three years, unless he has merchantable timber
that can be worked up into cordwood or bolts, or unless he locates
in a region having little timber to be removed, and is able to
specialize in potatoes. The men who have become wealthy from
strictly farming operations are not numerous in Wisconsin or
anywhere else.

I should like to call your attention to the following form of
certificate furnished inquirers in communication with this
department:

THE STATE OF WISCONSIN
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
IMMIGRATION DIVISION

Directing Certificate

TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

The bearer ......................................... of
........................ is in communication