Oman:
summer winds often raise large sandstorms and dust storms in
interior; periodic droughts

Pacific Ocean:
surrounded by a zone of violent volcanic and
earthquake activity sometimes referred to as the "Pacific Ring of
Fire"; subject to tropical cyclones (typhoons) in southeast and east
Asia from May to December (most frequent from July to October);
tropical cyclones (hurricanes) may form south of Mexico and strike
Central America and Mexico from June to October (most common in
August and September); cyclical El Nino/La Nina phenomenon occurs in
the equatorial Pacific, influencing weather in the Western
Hemisphere and the western Pacific; ships subject to superstructure
icing in extreme north from October to May; persistent fog in the
northern Pacific can be a maritime hazard from June to December

Pakistan:
frequent earthquakes, occasionally severe especially in
north and west; flooding along the Indus after heavy rains (July and
August)

Palau:
typhoons (June to December)

Palmyra Atoll:
NA

Panama:
NA

Papua New Guinea:
active volcanism; situated along the Pacific "Rim
of Fire"; the country is subject to frequent and sometimes severe
earthquakes; mud slides; tsunamis

Paracel Islands:
typhoons

Paraguay:
local flooding in southeast (early September to June);
poorly drained plains may become boggy (early October to June)

Peru:
earthquakes, tsunamis, flooding, landslides, mild volcanic
activity

Philippines:
astride typhoon belt, usually affected by 15 and struck
by five to six cyclonic storms per year; landslides; active
volcanoes; destructive earthquakes; tsunamis

Pitcairn Islands:
typhoons (especially November to March)

Poland:
NA

Portugal:
Azores subject to severe earthquakes

Puerto Rico:
periodic droughts; hurricanes

Qatar:
haze, dust storms, sandstorms common

Reunion:
periodic, devastating cyclones (December to April); Piton
de la Fournaise on the southeastern coast is an active volcano

Romania:
earthquakes most severe in south and southwest; geologic
structure and climate promote landslides

Russia:
permafrost over much of Siberia is a major impediment to
development; volcanic activity in the Kuril Islands; volcanoes and
earthquakes on the Kamchatka Peninsula

Rwanda:
periodic droughts; the volcanic Virunga mountains are in the
northwest along the border with Democratic