vernmental force were abolished individuals would be best able to
take care of themselves. The aim of anarchism is to destroy force by
force; the aim of Tolstoy is to allow force to do its worst. Such a
spirit of non-resistance would mean the overthrow of all security, and
the reversion to wild lawlessness. It is an utter travesty of Christ's
teaching. Extremes meet. Violence and servility join hands.
Anarchism and Tolstoyism reveal the total bankruptcy of unrestricted
individualism.

The social order for which the State stands is not so much an
interference with the freedom of the subject as the condition under
which alone individual liberty can be preserved. {230} The view,
however, that the State is an artificial relationship into which men
voluntarily enter in order to limit their selfish instincts and to
secure their mutual advantages--the theory of the 'social
contract'--has been discarded in modern times as a fiction of the
imagination. It is not of his own choice that the individual becomes a
member of society. He is born into it. Man is not a whole in himself.
He is only complete in his fellows. As he serves others he serves
himself. But men are not the unconscious functions of a mechanical
system. They are free, living personalities, united by a sense of
human obligation and kindredship. The State is more than a physical
organism. It is a community of moral aims and ideals. Even law, which
is the soul of the State, is itself the embodiment of a moral
principle; and the commonwealth stands for a great ethical idea, to the
fulfilment of which all its citizens are called upon to contribute.

2. The reciprocal duties of the State and its citizens receive
comparatively little prominence in the New Testament. But they are
never treated with disparagement or contempt. During our Lord's
earthly life the supreme power belonged to the Roman Empire. Though
Jesus had to suffer much at the hands of those in authority, His
habitual attitude was one of respect. He lived in obedience to the
government of the country, and acknowledged the right of Caesar to
legislate and levy taxes in his own province. While giving all
deference to the State officials before whom He was brought, He did not
hesitate to remind them of the ideal of truth and justice of which they
were the chosen representatives.[19] St. Paul's teaching is in harmony
with his Master's, and is indeed an expansion of it.[20] 'The powers
that