whilst there are others who abuse our excessive benevolence
by maintaining their rebellious attitude, and encroach on our
patience to prolong the resistance; and

Whereas it is expedient to abolish the spectacle of a few groups,
always vanquished whilst committing all sorts of felonies under
the protection of a fictitious political flag, maintaining a
state of uneasiness and corruption;

Now, therefore, the authorities must adopt every possible means
of repression, and I, as General-in-Chief of the Army,

Order and Command

_Article_ 1.--All persons having contracted responsibilities up
to date on account of the present rebellion who fail to report
themselves to the authorities or military commanders before the
10th of July will be pursued and treated as guilty.

_Article_ 2.--Commanding generals in the field, military and civil
governors in districts where the rebels exist, will prohibit all
inhabitants from leaving the villages and towns, unless under
absolute necessity for agricultural purposes, or taking care of
rural properties or other works. Those comprised in the latter
class will be provided by the municipal captains with a special
pass, in which will be noted the period of absence, the place to
be visited, and the road to be taken, always provided that all
persons absenting themselves from the villages without carrying
such passes, and all who, having them, deviate from the time,
road, or place indicated, will be treated as rebels.

_Article 3._--After the 10th instant all persons will be required
to prove their identity by the personal document (_cedula
personal_), together with the pass above-mentioned, and neither
the amnesty passes already granted nor any other document will
have any legal validity.

All who contravene these orders will be tried by court-martial.

_Fernando Primo de Rivera_.

The indiscreetness of this measure was soon evident. It irritated
the well-disposed inhabitants, from whom fees were exacted by the
Gov.-General's venal subordinates; the rigorous application of the
edict drove many to the enemy's camp, and the rebels responded to
this document by issuing the following Exhortation in Tagalog dialect,
bearing the pseudonym of "Malabar." It was extensively circulated in
July, 1897, but bears no date. The Spanish authorities made strenuous
but u