f Honesty." But so great had been the change in popular feeling
in a city which Mr. Lincoln had carried by a vast majority, that
the owner of the hall in which Mr. Curtis was to appear, warned
him that a riot was anticipated if he should speak. Its doors were
closed against him. This was less than five weeks after Mr. Lincoln
was elected, and the change of sentiment in Philadelphia was but
an index to the change elsewhere in the North.

The South, meanwhile, had been encouraged in the work of secession
by thousands of Democrats who did not desire or look for the
dissolution of the Union, but wished to plot of secession to go
far enough, and the danger to the Union to become just imminent
enough, to destroy their political opponents. Men who afterwards
attested their loyalty to the Union by their lives, took part in
this dangerous scheme of encouraging a revolt which they could not
repress. They apparently did not comprehend that lighted torches
cannot be carried with safety through a magazine of powder; and,
though they were innocent of intentional harm, they did much to
increase an evil which was rapidly growing beyond all power of
control. As already indicated, the position of President Buchanan
and the doctrines of his message had aided in the development of
this feeling in the North. It was further stimulated by the
commercial correspondence between the two sections. The merchants
and factors in the South did not as a class desire Disunion, and
they were made to believe that the suppression of Abolitionism in
the North would restore harmony and good feeling. Abolitionism
was but another name for the Republican party, and in business
circles in the free State that party had come to represent the
source of all our trouble. These men did not yet measure the full
scope of the combination against the Union, and persisted in
believing that its worst enemies were in the North. The main result
of these misconceptions was a steady and rapid growth of strength
throughout the slave States in the movement for Secession.

ENACTMENT OF THE MORRILL TARIFF.

Fruitless and disappointing as were the proceedings of this session
of Congress on the subjects which engrossed so large a share of
public attention, a most important change was accomplished in the
revenue laws,--a change equivalent to a revolution in the economic
and financial system of the government. The withdrawal