to appoint a Governor-General over the colonies,
and to appoint Commissioners with powers so extensive as those of the
Royal Commission appointed in 1634. But they forget and ignore the fact
that nine years afterwards, in 1643, when the Massachusetts and
neighbouring colonies were much more advanced in population and wealth
than in 1634, the Parliament, which was at war with the King and
assuming all his powers, passed an Ordinance appointing a
Governor-General and Commissioners, and giving them quite as extensive
powers as the proposed Royal Commission of 1634. This Ordinance will be
given entire when I come to speak of the Massachusetts Bay Puritans,
under the Long Parliament and under Cromwell. It will be seen that the
Long Parliament, and Cromwell himself, assumed larger powers over the
New England colonies than had King Charles.]

[Footnote 66: "The Charter was far from conceding to the patentees the
privilege of freedom of worship. Not a single line alludes to such a
purpose; nor can it be implied by a reasonable construction from any
clause in the Charter." (Bancroft's History of the United States, Vol.
I., pp. 271, 272.)]

[Footnote 67: It has been seen, p. 45, that the London Company had
transmitted to Endicot in 1630 a form of the oath of allegiance to the
King and his successors, to be taken by all the officers of the
Massachusetts Bay Government. This had been set aside and a new oath
substituted, leaving out all reference to the King, and confining the
oath of allegiance to the local Government.]

[Footnote 68: Historians ascribe to this circumstance a remarkable
change in the political economy of that colony; a cow which formerly
sold for twenty pounds now selling for six pounds, and every colonial
production in proportion. (Chalmers' Annals, pp. 265, 266. Neal's
History of New England, Vol. I., Chap. ix., pp. 210-218.)]

[Footnote 69: Hazard, Vol. I.]

[Footnote 70: "At the trial, 'In Michas. T. XImo Carl Primi,' and the
patentees, T. Eaton, Sir H. Rowsell, Sir John Young, Sir Richard
Saltonstall, John Ven, George Harmood, Richard Perry, Thomas Hutchins,
Nathaniel Wright, Samuel Vassall, Thomas Goffe, Thomas Adams, John Brown
pleaded a disclaimer of any knowledge of the matters complained of, and
that they should not 'for the future intermeddle with any the liberties,
privileges and franchises aforesaid, but shall be for ever excluded from
all use and claim of the same and every of them."

"Matthew