outh wrote to General Howe, who
(Aug. 2, 1775) superseded General Gage as the Commander of the British
army, that there was 'no room left for any other consideration but that
of proceeding against the twelve associated colonies in all respects
with the utmost rigour, as the open and avowed enemies of the State.'"
(Frothingham's Rise of the American Republic, p. 446.)]

[Footnote 363: "In the meantime (beginning of October) Richard Penn
hastened to England with the second petition. The King was now
continually occupied with American affairs. He directed that General
Gage should be ordered 'instantly to come' over, on account of the
battle of Bunker Hill; thought Admiral Graves ought to be recalled from
Boston 'for doing nothing,' and completed the arrangements for the
employment of Hanoverians in America. Impatient at the delay of the
Cabinet in acting upon the proclamation agreed upon, he put this in
train by ordering one to be framed and submitted, August 18th, to Lord
North, and fixed the day for its promulgation. He was confirmed in his
extreme views by General Haldimand, fresh from America, who reported
that 'nothing but force could bring the colonies to reason,' and that it
would be dangerous to give ear to any proposition they might submit. The
King was convinced that it would be better 'totally to abandon the
colonies' than 'to admit a single shadow' of their doctrines [364]. Five
days after penning these words, he issued (August 23rd) a proclamation
for suppressing rebellion and sedition." (The purpose of this fatal
proclamation is given in the sub-note.)

This proclamation, unlike Lord North's plan, ignored the colonies as
political unities. It is levelled against individuals in rebellion, and
all within the realm who should aid them. (Frothingham's Rise of the
American Republic, pp. 444-446. Donne's Correspondence of Geo. III.)]

[Footnote 364: A private letter by Captain Collins, lately arrived from
London, says that "on the 19th of August General Haldimand was closeted
with his Majesty two hours, giving him a state of the American colonies;
and that in the course of the conversation his Majesty expressed his
resolution in these memorable words: 'I am unalterably determined, at
every hazard, and at the risk of every consequence, to compel the
colonies to absolute submission.'"]

[Footnote 365: "In the autumn of this year (1775), General Gage repaired
to England, and the command of the British army devolved