igation also failed until recently. About 1900 a movement, which
had been for some time gathering force, began to take visible shape
simultaneously in different countries. The cancer ward at the Middlesex
hospital had then developed into a cancer wing, and to it were added
special laboratories for the investigation of cancer, which were opened
on the 1st of March 1900. In this establishment the fully equipped means
of clinical and laboratory research were united under one roof and
manned by a staff of investigators under the direction of Dr W.S.
Lazarus Barlow. In the same year the _Deutsche Comite fur
Krebsforschung_ was organized in Berlin, receiving an annual subsidy of
5000 marks (L250) from the imperial exchequer. This body devoted its
energies to making a census of cancer patients in Germany on a definite
date. A special ward for cancer was also set apart at the Charite
hospital in Berlin, with a state endowment of 53,000 marks (L2560) per
annum, and a laboratory for cancer research was attached to the first
medical clinique under Professor Ernst von Leyden at the same hospital.
A third institution in Germany is a special cancer department at the
Royal Prussian Institute for Experimental Therapeutics at
Frankfort-on-Main, which has been supported, like the Imperial Cancer
Research Fund in England, by private contributions on a generous scale.
The fund just mentioned was initiated in October 1901, and its
operations took definite shape a year later, when Dr. E.F. Bashford was
appointed general superintendent of research. The patron of the
foundation was King Edward VII., and the president was the prince of
Wales. It had in 1908 a capital endowment of about L120,000, subscribed
by private munificence and producing an income of about L7000 a year.
The central laboratory is situated in the examination building of the
Royal Colleges of Physicians and Surgeons in London, and the work is
conducted under the superintendence of an executive committee formed by
representatives of those bodies. In the United States a cancer
laboratory, which had been established in Buffalo in 1899 under Dr
Roswell Park, was formally placed under the control of New York state in
June 1901, and is supported by an annual grant of $15,000 (L3000). There
are other provisions in the United States connected with Harvard and
Cornell universities. At the former the "Caroline Brewer Croft Fund for
Cancer Research" started special investigations in the s