nly a rough
one.

_Mean Death-Rates from Diphtheria and Croup per Million living._

New York 1610 | Munich 990
Chicago 1400 | Milan 990
Buenos Aires 1360 | Florence 830
Trieste 1300 | Vienna 770
Dresden 1290 | Stockholm 720
Berlin 1190 | St Petersburg 650
Boston 1160 | Moscow 640
Marseilles 1130 | Paris 630
Christiania 1090 | Hamburg 490
Budapest 1880 | London 386

There is comparatively little diphtheria in India and Japan, but in
Egypt, the Cape and Australasia it prevails very extensively among the
urban populations. The mortality varies greatly from year to year in all
countries and cities. In Berlin, for instance, it has oscillated between
a maximum of 2420 in 1883 and a minimum of 340 in 1896; in New York
between 2760 in 1877 and 680 in 1868; in Christiania between 3290 in
1887 and 170 in 1871. In some American cities still higher maxima have
been recorded. In other words, diphtheria, though always endemic,
exhibits at times a great increase of activity, and becomes epidemic or
even pandemic. The following table for 1859-99 shows fairly well the
periodical rise and fall in England and Wales. Diphtheria and croup are
given both separately and together, showing the increasing transference
from one to the other of late years. Diphtheria was first entered
separately in the year 1859.

_Deaths from Diphtheria and Croup per Million living in
England and Wales._

+---------------+-------------+----------+-------------+
| Years. | Diphtheria. | Croup. | Diphtheria |
| | | | and Croup. |
+---------------+-------------+----------+-------------+
| 1859 | 517 | 286 | 803 |
| 1860 | 261 | 220 | 481 |
| 1861-70 | 185 | 246 | 431 |
| 1871-80 | 121 | 168 | 289 |
| 1881-90 | 163 | 144 | 307 |
| 1891-95 | 254 | 70 | 324 |
| 1896-97 | 269 | 43 | 312 |
| 1898 | 244 | 27 | 271 |
| 1899 |