c
boundary of the California Yuman groups, a boundary which lay
immediately north of Bahia de Los Angeles. At the same time he placed
the southernmost extent of dogs and the making or use of pottery on the
peninsula in the 18th century.

In describing the collection from Bahia de Los Angeles, we have the
benefit of ethnographic descriptions from three periods of the Spanish
occupation of Baja California prior to 1769 and the expulsion of the
Jesuit missionaries. Some historical data derive from the initial
voyages of the Spanish along the gulf coast in the 16th century. Later
there were occasional contacts with these natives by Jesuit explorers
during the first half of the 18th century. Finally, there was the period
of active missionization, beginning with the foundation of Santa
Gertrudis (1751) and continuing with San Borja (1762) and Santa Maria
(1766).

[Illustration: Map 2. Linguistic Groups of Baja California.]

Toward the end of the 18th century there are applicable descriptions
of Indians immediately to the north by the Dominican priest, Father Luis
Sales (1794).

The ethnographic information contained in the documents bears out the
fact that the cave artifacts belong in the cultural tradition of the
Borjeno who inhabited the region at the time of European contact and
conquest.

THE SITE

Bahia de Los Angeles is a semicircular bay, about four miles in
diameter, on the gulf coast of Baja California at 28 deg. 55' N. and
113 deg. 30' W. (map 1). On the northwest it is open to the waters of
he Gulf of California and to the Canal de las Ballenas, which runs
between the peninsula and Isla Angel de la Guarda, some twelve miles
distant. (This island and the smaller Isla Smith obstruct a view of the
outer gulf, and from the shore Bahia de Los Angeles appears to be
completely landlocked.) Within a few hundred feet of the shore, sandy
beaches give way to the talus slopes of the mesas and peaks which edge
the bay. An arroyo enters the bay from the west.

The cave excavated by Dr. Palmer is situated on a granitic hill to the
west of the bay, at an elevation of 30 ft. above sea level. Just below
the mouth of the narrow fissure is a spring which supplies water to the
little mining community. The cave itself measures 9 ft. in depth; it is
6 ft. wide and 5 ft. high at the mouth. Before Dr. Palmer's excavations,
miners of the Gulf Gold Mining Company had removed some stones--referred
to in the Report as a "wal