ea-otter, across the Pacific as far south
as California--Caravans of Four Thousand Horses
on the Long Trail--Seven Thousand Miles
across Europe and Asia--Banditti of the Sea--The
Union of All Traders in One Monopoly--Siege
and Slaughter of Sitka--How Monroe Doctrine
grew out of Russian Fur Trade--Aims of Russia to
dominate North Pacific . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293

CHAPTER XII

1747-1818

BARANOF, THE LITTLE CZAR OF THE PACIFIC

Baranof lays the Foundations of Russian Empire on the Pacific
Coast of America--Shipwrecked on his Way to Alaska,
he yet holds his Men in Hand and turns the Ill-hap to
Advantage--How he bluffs the Rival Fur Companies in
Line--First Russian Ship built in America--Adventures
leading the Sea-otter Hunters--Ambushed by the Indians--The
Founding of Sitka--Baranof, cast off in his Old
Age, dies of Broken Heart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316

INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339

ILLUSTRATIONS

Seal Rookery, Commander Islands . . . . . . . . . _Frontispiece_

Peter the Great . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Map of Course followed by Bering . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-21

The _St. Peter_ and _St. Paul_, from a rough sketch
by Bering's comrade, Steller, the scientist . . . . . . . 29

Steller's Arch on Bering Island, named after the scientist
Steller, of Bering's Expedition . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

A Glacier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Sea Cows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

Seals in a Rookery on Bering Island . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Mauritius Augustus, Count Benyowsky . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

Sir John Hawkins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

Queen Elizabeth knighting Drake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146

The _Golden Hind_ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151

Francis Drake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155

The Crowning of Drake in California . . . . . . . . . . . . 164

The Silver Map of the World . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171

Captain James Cook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180

The Ice Islands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194

The Death of Cook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205

Departure of the _Columbia_ and the _Lady Washington_ . . . 211

Charles Bulfinch . . . . . . . .