or _disciple_, etc., compare synonyms for ADHERENT.

Antonyms:

dunce, fool, idiot, idler, ignoramus, illiterate person.

* * * * *

SCIENCE.

Synonyms:

art, knowledge.

_Knowledge_ of a single fact, not known as related to any other, or of
many facts not known as having any mutual relations or as comprehended
under any general law, does not reach the meaning of _science_;
_science_ is _knowledge_ reduced to law and embodied in system. The
_knowledge_ of various countries gathered by an observant traveler may
be a heterogeneous medley of facts, which gain real value only when
coordinated and arranged by the man of _science_. _Art_ always relates
to something to be done, _science_ to something to be known. Not only
must _art_ be discriminated from _science_, but _art_ in the industrial
or mechanical sense must be distinguished from _art_ in the esthetic
sense; the former aims chiefly at utility, the latter at beauty. The
mechanic _arts_ are the province of the artisan, the esthetic or fine
_arts_ are the province of the artist; all the industrial _arts_, as of
weaving or printing, arithmetic or navigation, are governed by exact
rules. _Art_ in the highest esthetic sense, while it makes use of rules,
transcends all rule; no rules can be given for the production of a
painting like Raffael's "Transfiguration," a statue like the Apollo
Belvedere, or a poem like the Iliad. _Science_ does not, like the
mechanic _arts_, make production its direct aim, yet its possible
productive application in the _arts_ is a constant stimulus to
scientific investigation; the _science_, as in the case of chemistry or
electricity, is urged on to higher development by the demands of the
_art_, while the _art_ is perfected by the advance of the _science_.
Creative _art_ seeking beauty for its own sake is closely akin to pure
_science_ seeking _knowledge_ for its own sake. Compare KNOWLEDGE;
LITERATURE.

* * * * *

SECURITY.

Synonyms:

bail, earnest, gage, pledge, surety.

The first four words agree in denoting something given or deposited as
an assurance of something to be given, paid, or done. An _earnest_ is of
the same kind as that to be given, a portion of it delivered in advance,
as when part of the purchase-money is paid, according to the common
expression, "to bind the bargain." A _pledge_ or _security_ may be
wholly different in kind from th