any commanders did this and saved money besides. Even the
enlisted men saved sums reported at 170 and 300 and 525 and even 700
thalers. The pay department showed that thirty staff officers and six
captains saved 106,350 thalers. The highest savings' report shows that
four colonels had 24,000 thalers, two others had 26,800 thalers, and the
two last Hessian commanders had, between 1781 and 1784, 11,000 and 15,000
thalers to their credit. General von Mirbach sent home during the first
sixteen months of his service in America savings to the amount of 6000
thalers. Indeed, the older officers left at home complained bitterly of
their hard fate in losing this advantage, and the total gain of the
Hessian troops from extra English allowances may well be estimated at more
than 2,000,000 thalers. Schlieffen reported to the Elector in 1779 that up
to that time, about three and a half years from the outbreak of the
American war, the Hessian enlisted men had sent home through the pay
officer almost 600,000 thalers, and the mechanics accompanying the Hessian
army to America over 637,000 thalers. Kapp's book is full of rumors that
the Hessian troops in America were unfairly treated, but that is
absolutely untrue.

The English government dealt directly with the Hessian government; the
Hessian soldiers fought alongside the English soldiers as their allies;
their pay was regulated by the treaties made by the Hessian sovereign and
approved by the Hessian Parliament. These provided fully for the pay and
food and equipment and care of the Hessian troops at the expense of
England, but on the basis provided by the treaties with Hesse and other
allies. Mr. Kapp asks for particulars of the taxes released by the
Elector. These amounted to 2,170,140 thalers, besides 56,000 thalers in
the reduced interest on loans to public institutions,--the reduction of
allowances to Hessian princesses of 159,466 thalers, and a reduction of
war taxes of 204,000 thalers. Appropriations for the relief of the people
injured by storms amounted to anywhere between 500 and 740,000 thalers;
then there were paid for forage 147,000 thalers, for servants 90,000
thalers, and for arrears of 1,090,827 down to 1785, 300,000 were allowed
and cancelled, and a debt of 116,000 for the administration was paid.

Mr. Kapp denies that he charged the Elector with putting 60,000,000 in
his pocket, for the whole amount received by him for his troops was only
22,000,000. This charge is fo