magnificent view. To the E.S.E.
stretched from north-east to south-west a flat plateau, and to the east a
flat mountainous block with an eroded passage. Headlands branched off
from the northern side of the ridges in a north-easterly direction.
Between them were basins thickly wooded in their lower depressions. The
north-eastern portion of the flat range was almost vertical, with many
angular and sharply pointed spurs projecting from it.

In the centre of the greater basin, of which the others were details, a
low convex ridge bulged out, with three conical peaks--two of them at the
highest point of the curve. Between the first and second cone two twin
sub-craters were visible--evidently the two twin circles had formed part
of the same crater--in the mountain side of the distant range. A third
crater was some distance off to the south-west.

To the south-west in the background was a lovely view of flat highlands
with huge tower-like rocks standing upright upon them. Then to the S.S.W.
a regular vertical dyke of rock stood on the top of an elongated conical
base.

The elevation on the summit of the spur from which we obtained this
lovely panorama was 2,200 ft.--or no more than 100 ft. higher than our
camp.

We travelled again that same day on the northern edge of the great
depression, and met three more _cuvettes_ of grey ashes with an abundant
central growth of _buritys_. These were at a general elevation of 2,300
ft., the bottom of the depression being 50 ft. lower. On descending from
the table-land, through a gap we discerned far away to the south a long
flat-topped plateau extending from south-west to north-east and having a
precipitous wall-face.

We got down to the Caxoeirinha stream, where we found an abandoned hut in
the eroded hollow of the stream. The water flowed there over a bed of red
lava and extremely hard conglomerate rock made up of lava pebbles and
solidified ashes. Above this at the sides of the stream was a stratum
some 10 ft. thick of grey ashes, and above it a stratum 2 ft. thick of
red volcanic dust and sand.

As we got higher again and I stood on a projecting promontory, another
wonderful view spread itself before me. The sun, nearly setting, in
glorious white radiations, cast deep blue and violet-coloured shadows
upon the great abyss to my right (N.W.) which was a kilometre or more in
diameter and more than 300 ft. deep--surely another great crater. It
seemed as if a natural wall of rock mu