y reduced by this process to make a pulp, it was mixed
in a gumla with water, so as to make it of the consistence of thick
soup. The frames with which the sheets were taken up were made of mat
of the size of a sheet of paper. The operator sitting by the gumla
dipped this frame in the pulp, and after it was drained gave it to an
assistant, who laid it on the grass to dry: this finished the process
with us; but for the native market this paper is afterwards sized by
holding a number of sheets by the edge and dipping them carefully in
conjee, so as to keep the sheets separate. They are afterwards dried,
folded, and pressed by putting them between two boards, the upper board
of which is loaded with one or more large stones.

"In the English method the pulp is prepared by the mill and put into
cisterns; the frames are made of fine wire, and the workman stands by
the cistern and takes up the pulp on the frames. The sheets when
sufficiently dry are hung on lines to dry completely, after which they
are sized, if sizing be required.

"We now make our paper by machinery, in which the pulp is let to run on
a web of wire, and passing over several cylinders, the last of which is
heated by steam, it is dried and fit for use in about two minutes from
its having been in a liquid state."

Since that reply the Government of India, under the pressure of the
home authorities, has alternately discouraged and fostered the
manufacture of paper on the spot. At present it is in the wiser
position of preferring to purchase its supplies in India, at once as
being cheaper, and that it may develop the use of the many paper-making
fibres there. Hence at the Calcutta Exhibition of 1881-82 the jurors
began their report on the machine and hand-made paper submitted to
them, with a reference to Carey and this report of his. The Serampore
mills were gradually crushed by the expensive and unsatisfactory
contracts made at home by the India Office. The neighbouring Bally
mills seem to flourish since the abandonment of that virtual monopoly,
and Carey's anticipations as to the utilisation of the plantain and
other fibres of India are being realised nearly a century after he
first formed them.

Carey expanded and published his "Address respecting an Agricultural
Society in India" in the quarterly Friend of India. He still thinks it
necessary to apologise for his action by quoting his hero, Brainerd,
who was constrained to assist his Indian convert