FREE BOOKS

Author's List




PREV.   NEXT  
|<   107   108   109   110   111   112   113   114   115   116   117   118   119   120   121   122   123   124   125   126   127   128   129   130   131  
132   133   134   135   136   137   138   139   140   141   142   143   144   145   146   147   148   149   150   151   152   153   154   155   156   >>   >|  
ks up crosswise into distinct joints, as in Fig. 394. 369. The pods or dehiscent fruits belonging to a compound ovary have several technical names: but they all may be regarded as kinds of 370. =The Capsule=, the dry and dehiscent fruit of any compound pistil. The capsule may discharge its seeds through chinks or pores, as in the Poppy, or burst irregularly in some part, as in Lobelia and the Snapdragon; but commonly it splits open (or is _dehiscent_) lengthwise into regular pieces, called VALVES. [Illustration: Fig. 395. Capsule of Iris, with loculicidal dehiscence; below, cut across.] [Illustration: Fig. 396. Pod of a Marsh St. John's-wort, with septicidal dehiscence.] 371. Regular _Dehiscence_ in a capsule takes place in two ways, which are best illustrated in pods of two or three cells. It is either _Loculicidal_, or, splitting directly into the _loculi_ or cells, that is, down the back (or the dorsal suture) of each cell or carpel, as in Iris (Fig. 395); or _Septicidal_, that is, splitting through the partitions or _septa_, as in St. John's-wort (Fig. 396), Rhododendron, etc. This divides the capsule into its component carpels, which then open by their ventral suture. [Illustration: Fig. 397, 398. Diagrams of the two modes.] [Illustration: Fig. 399. Diagram of septifragal dehiscence of the loculicidal type. 400. Same of the septicidal or _marginicidal_ type.] 372. In loculicidal dehiscence the valves naturally bear the partitions on their middle; in the septicidal, half the thickness of a partition is borne on the margin of each valve. See the annexed diagrams. A variation of either mode occurs when the valves break away from the partitions, these remaining attached in the axis of the fruit. This is called _Septifragal_ dehiscence. One form is seen in the Morning-Glory (Fig. 400). 373. The capsules of Rue, Spurge, and some others, are both loculicidal and septicidal, and so split into half-carpellary valves or pieces. 374. =The Silique= (Fig. 401) is the technical name of the peculiar pod of the Mustard family; which is two-celled by a false partition stretched across between two parietal placentae. It generally opens by two valves from below upward, and the placentae with the partition are left behind when the valves fall off. 375. =A Silicle or Pouch= is only a short and broad silique, like that of the Shepherd's Purse, Fig. 402, 403. [Illustration: Fig. 401. Silique of a Cadamine
PREV.   NEXT  
|<   107   108   109   110   111   112   113   114   115   116   117   118   119   120   121   122   123   124   125   126   127   128   129   130   131  
132   133   134   135   136   137   138   139   140   141   142   143   144   145   146   147   148   149   150   151   152   153   154   155   156   >>   >|  



Top keywords:
dehiscence
 

valves

 

Illustration

 
septicidal
 

loculicidal

 

capsule

 

partitions

 

partition

 

dehiscent

 

suture


called

 
Silique
 

splitting

 
pieces
 
compound
 

technical

 

placentae

 

Capsule

 

attached

 

Septifragal


variation

 

thickness

 

margin

 

middle

 

naturally

 
occurs
 

annexed

 

diagrams

 

remaining

 

Silicle


parietal

 

generally

 
upward
 

Cadamine

 

Shepherd

 

silique

 

stretched

 

Spurge

 

capsules

 

Morning


Mustard
 
family
 

celled

 

peculiar

 

carpellary

 
chinks
 

discharge

 
pistil
 
splits
 

lengthwise