ugh many persons were looking on, no one could be
found to go to his help. In this predicament, a Newfoundland dog
rushed into the sea and conveyed the gentleman in safety to land. He
afterwards purchased the dog for a large sum, treated him as long as
he lived with gratitude and kindness, and had the following words
worked on his table-cloths and napkins--"_Virum extuli mari_."

A person, in crossing a plank at a mill, fell into the stream at
night, and was saved by his Newfoundland dog, and who afterwards
recovered his hat, which had fallen from his head, and was floating
down the stream.

There can be no doubt but that dogs calculate, and almost reason. A
dog who had been in the habit of stealing from a kitchen, which had
two doors opening into it, would never do so if one of them was shut,
as he was afraid of being caught. If both the doors were open, his
chance of escape was greater, and he therefore seized what he could.
This sort of calculation, if I may call it is so, was shown by a
Newfoundland bitch. She had suckled two whelps until they were able to
take care of themselves. They were, however, constantly following and
disturbing her in order to be suckled, when she had little or no milk
to give them. She was confined in a shed, which was separated from
another by a wooden partition some feet high. Into this shed she
conveyed her puppies, and left them there while she returned to the
other to enjoy a night's rest unmolested. This shows that the animal
was capable of reflecting to a degree beyond what would have been the
result of mere instinct.

The late Rev. James Simpson, of the Potterrow congregation, Edinburgh,
had a large dog of the Newfoundland breed. At that time he lived at
Libberton, a distance of two miles from Edinburgh, in a house to which
was attached a garden. One Sacrament Sunday the servant, who was left
at home in charge of the house, thought it a good opportunity to
entertain her friends, as her master and mistress were not likely to
return home till after the evening's service, about nine o'clock.
During the day the dog accompanied them through the garden, and indeed
wherever they went, in the most attentive manner, and seemed well
pleased. In the evening, when the time arrived that the party meant to
separate, they proceeded to do so; but the dog, the instant they went
to the door, interposed, and placing himself before it, would not
allow one of them to touch the handle. On their persis