the land which intervenes between Cruces and Panama, has
been accurately ascertained by Mr. Lloyd; and that portion of the
country which he passed over in his survey along the old road to
Panama, is certainly the most elevated of the whole, as is shown in
the following summary of his survey.

[Footnote 18: From the mouth of the Chorera to the
Bay Lemon, the distance is 27-1/2 geographical
miles. There is, however, reason to believe, that
the distance from sea to sea is still less. Ulloa,
who was an accurate and scientific observer,
places, and from actual observation, Chagres in 9 deg.
18' 40" N. lat., and Panama in 8 deg. 57' 41" N. lat.
Not being able to observe an eclipse of Jupiter's
satellites, owing to the obscuration of the
atmosphere, he was obliged to calculate the
longitude from bearings and distances. In these,
however, he could not be far wrong; and by these he
places Cruces 21' east of Chagre, and Panama 9'30"
east of Chagre, which, if he is correct, brings the
breadth of the land from the Castle of Chagre to
Panama, to be only 23 geographical miles!!

Since the preceding pages were written, Captain
Washington, secretary to the Royal Geographical
Society, has favoured me with the longitudes of the
places adverted to, as ascertained by Captain
Forster, and in February 1837 by Captain Belcher,
R.N. Porto Bello is in 79 deg. 30' West long.; Chagre,
79 deg. 55'; and Panama in 79 deg. 29' 20". This gives the
distance from Chagre to Panama 33 geographical
miles. Porto Bello is in lat. 9 deg. 32' North. From
thence to the Pacific, a little to the east of
Panama, is 30 miles. From Chagre to the mouth of
the Caymito will be 30 miles. Ulloa's calculations
of longitudes would thus appear to be wrong.]

This survey commenced from the eastern suburb of Panama, at high-water
mark, and ran along the old road to Porto Bello, unto the point where
it crossed the Rio Chagre,--a dista