to which should be submitted
all questions relating to the rights and reciprocal duties of nations.

"4. The congress condemns all loans and taxes intended to aid the
prosecution of wars of conquest and ambition.

"5. The congress recommends all its members to endeavour to eradicate
from the minds of all in their respective countries, both by means of
a better education of youth, and by other methods, those political
prejudices and hereditary hatreds which have so often been the cause of
disastrous wars.

"6. The congress addresses the same invitation to all ministers of
religion, whose sacred mission it is to encourage feelings of goodwill
among men; as well as to the various organs of the press, which exercise
so powerful an influence over the development of civilisation.

"7. The congress earnestly hopes for the improvement of the means of
international communication; for the extension of postal reform; for
the universal adoption of the same standard of weights, measures, and
coinage; and for the multiplication of peace societies, which shall keep
up a correspondence with each other.

"8. The congress decides that the committee be instructed to draw up an
address to all nations embodying the resolutions of the congress; and
that this address shall be presented to the various governments of
Europe and America, and particularly to the president of the French
republic."

There was one political effect produced by the assemblage; the fact
that the French government allowed it, and that the Archbishop of Paris
patronised it, led to a general impression in Europe that the policy
of Louis Napoleon would be peaceful. It is probable that in giving his
permission for the convention he calculated upon such an effect, which
suited the purpose of the hour, and comported with the necessities of
his _regime_. The policy of the French president towards Great Britain
was peaceful and friendly. In various minor matters he endeavoured to
gain the confidence of the English government. He had implicit faith in
the honesty and goodwill of the English foreign minister, who believed
Napoleon to be a necessity, and counselled his cabinet to maintain amity
with him. The British ambassador to the French republic was treated with
more marked respect than the minister of any other power delegated to
it, and citizens of the United Kingdom were treated with the most
marked consideration in France whenever the emperor found opportunity of
sh