on appeared before Manheim, and Germany began to tremble
for the safety of its own frontier.

The most energetic opponents with whom the republicans had to contend in
this campaign were the Spaniards. Two armies were formed in Spain; one
of 30,000 men to invade Rousillon; the other of 25,000, to penetrate
France on the side of Bayonne. The former of these two armies, under
Don Ricardos, gained several important victories, passed Perpignan, and
interrupted the communication between Rousillon and Languedoc. Alarmed
at the progress of this, formidable foe, the convention took energetic
measures to reinforce their armies. Two divisions were ordered to
advance against a corps of Spaniards under Don Juan Courten; and this
being defeated, the republicans determined to assault the camp of the
Spaniards at Truellas. The intrenchments were carried, and they were
on the point of gaining a victory, when Don Ricardos arrived with his
cavalry, and turned the fortune of the day: three French battalions
laid down their arms, and 4,000 were slain. The French general Davoust,
however, having been reinforced by 15,000 men, compelled Don Ricardos to
act on the defensive, and to retire to a strongly intrenched camp near
Boulon. But Ricardos still showed himself to be a formidable foe. Having
received re-inforcements in the beginning of December, he attacked and
routed the republican army with a loss of 2,500 men, and this success
was followed by the capture of Port Vendre and Collioure. Davoust's army
was so much discouraged that whole battalions disbanded and returned
home, and the national guards deserted their colours. The general
announced to the convention that he was left with only 8,000 men; but
Don Ricardos, ignorant of his opponent's condition, did not follow up
his successes, and the arrival of reinforcements, sent from Toulon
in the beginning of the next month, rescued France from peril in this
quarter. The other force of the Spaniards, under Don Ventura Caro,
crossed the Bidassoa, and on the 1st of May drove the republicans from
one of their intrenched camps, taking fifteen pieces of cannon; and on
the 6th of June, after storming another camp and taking all its cannon
and ammunition, forced the French troops into Saint Pied de Port. Having
fortified some posts in the country, they repulsed a vigorous attack
made by the Republican forces, and so crippled them that no movement of
consequence could be undertaken during the rest of t