of the earth, their state of weakness or strength.
There are in nature birds that do not fly high, flowering trees that
never fruit; all these conditions of the life we live among are worth
studying thoroughly; and if I ever succeed in convincing artists of
this, I shall have been the first to show the way.

_Hokusai._

CVII

Let every man who is here understand this well: design, which by another
name is called drawing, and consists of it, is the fount and body of
painting and sculpture and architecture and of every other kind of
painting, and the root of all sciences. Let whoever may have attained to
so much as to have the power of drawing know that he holds a great
treasure; he will be able to make figures higher than any tower, either
in colours or carved from the block, and he will not be able to find a
wall or enclosure which does not appear circumscribed and small to his
brave imagination. And he will be able to paint in fresco in the manner
of old Italy, with all the mixtures and varieties of colour usually
employed in it. He will be able to paint in oils very suavely with more
knowledge, daring, and patience than painters. And finally, on a small
piece of parchment he will be most perfect and great, as in all other
manners of painting. Because great, very great is the power of design
and drawing.

_Michael Angelo._

DRAWING AND DESIGN

CVIII

Pupils, I give you the whole art of sculpture when I tell you--_draw!_

_Donatello._

CIX

Drawing is the probity of art.

_Ingres._

CX

To draw does not mean only to reproduce an outline, drawing does not
consist only of line; drawing is more than this, it is expression, it is
the inner form, the structure, the modelling. After that what is left?
Drawing includes seven-eighths of what constitutes painting. If I had to
put a sign above my door I would write on it "School of Drawing," and I
am sure that I should turn out painters.

_Ingres._

CXI

Draw with a pure but ample line. Purity and breadth, that is the secret
of drawing, of art.

_Ingres._

CXII

Continue to draw for long before you think of painting. When one builds
on a solid foundation one can sleep at ease.

_Ingres._

CXIII

The great painters like Raphael and Michael Angelo insisted on the
outline when finishing their work. They went over it with a fine brush,
and thus gave new animation to the contours; they impressed on their
design force and fire.