s could be obtained. Hence
it was concluded that the most of the work was done on the shell of the
boiler."

In no other way can I give the members of the Iron and Steel Institute so
much information in regard to this new fuel as by including in this paper
a very able communication from the chief chemist at our Edgar Thomson
Steel Works, Mr. S.A. Ford, who is to-day the highest authority upon the
subject:

"So much has been claimed for natural gas as regards the superiority of
its heating properties as compared with coal, that some analyses of this
gas, together with calculations showing the comparison between its
heating power and that of coal, may be of interest. These calculations
are, of course, theoretical in both cases, and it must not be imagined
that the total amount of heat, either in a ton of coal or 1,000 cubic
feet of natural gas, can ever be fully utilized. In making these
calculations I employed as a basis what in my estimation was a gas of an
average chemical composition, as I have found that gas from the same well
varies continually in its composition. Thus, samples of gas from the same
well, but taken on different days, vary in nitrogen from 23 per cent. to
_nil_, carbonic acid from 2 per cent. to _nil_, oxygen from 4 per cent,
to 0.4 per cent., and so with all the component gases. Before giving the
theoretical heating power of 1,000 cubic feet of this gas I will note a
few analyses. The first four are of gas from the same well; samples
taken on the same day that they were analyzed. The two last are from two
different wells in the East Liberty district:

ANALYSES OF NATURAL GAS.

--------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
--------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
When tested.........|10-28-84|10-29-84|11-24-84|12-4-84 |10-18-84|10-25-84|
| per ct.| per ct.| per ct.| per ct.| per ct.| per ct.|
Carbonic acid ......| 0.8 | 0.6 | Nil. | 0.4 | Nil. | 0.30|
Carbonic oxide......| 1.0 | 0.8 | .58 | 0.4 | 1.0 | 0.30|
Oxygen... ... ......| 1.1 | 0.8 | .78 | 0.8 | 2.10| 1.20|
Olefiant gas .......| 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.98| 0.6 | 0.80| 0.6 |
Ethylic hydride ....| 3.6 | 5.5 | 7.92| 12.30 | 5.20| 4.8 |
Marsh gas ..........| 72.18| 65.25| 60.70|