value in gold, and for all sums under 100
denarii the present value in silver, of the corresponding weight.
The Roman pound (=327.45 grammes) of gold, equal to 4000 sesterces,
has thus, according to the ratio of gold to silver 1:15.5, been
reckoned at 304 1/2 Prussian thalers [about 43 pounds sterling],
and the denarius, according to the value of silver, at 7 Prussian
groschen [about 8d.].(1)
Kiepert's map will give a clearer idea of the military consolidation
of Italy than can be conveyed by any description.
1. I have deemed it, in general, sufficient to give the value of
the Roman money approximately in round numbers, assuming for that
purpose 100 sesterces as equivalent to 1 pound sterling.--TR.
DEDICATIONS
The First Volume of the original bears the inscription:--
To My Friend
MORIZ HAUPT Of Berin
The Second:--
To My Dear Associates
FERDINAND HITZIG Of Zurich
And
KARL LUDWIG Of Vienna 1852, 1853, 1854
And the Third:--
Dedicated With Old And Loyal Affection To
OTTO JAHN Of Bonn
CONTENTS
BOOK I: The Period Anterior to the Abolition of the Monarchy
CHAPTER
I. Introduction
II. The Earliest Migrations into Italy
III. The Settlements of the Latins
IV. The Beginnings of Rome
V. The Original Constitution of Rome
VI. The Non-Burgesses and the Reformed Constitution
VII. The Hegemony of Rome in Latium
VIII. The Umbro-Sabellian Stocks--Beginnings of the Samnites
IX. The Etruscans
X. The Hellenes in Italy--Maritime Supremacy of the Tuscans
and Carthaginians
XI. Law and Justice
XII. Religion
XIII. Agriculture, Trade, and Commerce
XIV. Measuring and Writing
XV. Art
BOOK FIRST
The Period Anterior to the Abolition of the Monarchy
--Ta palaiotera saphos men eurein dia chronou pleithos adunata
ein ek de tekmeirion on epi makrotaton skopounti moi pisteusai
xumbainei ou megala nomizo genesthai oute kata tous polemous oute
es ta alla.--
Thucydides.
CHAPTER I
Introduction
Ancient History
The Mediterranean Sea with its various branches, penetrating far
into the great Continent, forms the largest gulf of the ocean,
and, alternately narrowed by islands or projections of the land and
expanding to considerable breadth, at once separates and connects
the three divisions of the Old World. The shores of this inland
sea were
|