world. When one looks at their homes, their
clothes, and especially their savings, they seem to be the poorest in
the world. British working men drink, waste, and gamble to a much
greater extent than foreign working men. Therefore not only the higher
paid American workers, but also the lower paid French, German, and
Swiss workers, are better housed, better clothed, and better fed--and
are therefore better off and healthier--than British workers.[1286]
Besides, as their savings are much larger they are better able to
stand a short spell of ill-luck or of bad times. Whether a working man
is prosperous or poor, happy or unhappy, depends--under fair
conditions of employment, which Protection should create--perhaps more
on his personal habits and on those of his wife than on the actual
amount he receives in wages. Social reform, to be effective, must be
assisted in the home. The worker must aid the social reformer. Outside
assistance alone will little benefit wasteful and improvident men who
refuse to help themselves.

FOOTNOTES:

[1274] Keir Hardie, _From Serfdom to Socialism_, pp. 33, 34.

[1275] Leatham, _Socialism and Character_, p. 96.

[1276] See Mencius' Works in Legge's _Chinese Classics_; Euripides,
_The Suppliants_; Aristotle, _Politics_, vii. 5; Aristophanes,
_Ecclesiazusae_ and _Plutus_; Plutarch, _Tiberius Gracchus_, 9;
Livius, ii. 32; Sallust, _Catiline's Conspiracy_, 20, 23, 37-39;
Virgil, _Georgics_, i. 125; Tibullus, i. 3, 35 Propertius, ii. 13,
iii. 5, 11; Seneca, _Epistles_, 90, &c.

[1277] Taylor, _Statistics of Coal_, p. xxi.

[1278] See _Encyclopaedia Britannica_, 8th edition, 1853-1860,
articles: Cotton, Iron, Railways; Meyer, _Konversations Lexikon_,
1839-1855, article: Grossbritannien; Porter, _Progress of the Nation_,
1847; MacCulloch, _British Empire_, 1846; MacCulloch, _Dictionary of
Commerce_, 1847; Macgregor, _Commercial Statistics_, 1844-1850, &c.

[1279] See _Board of Trade Labour Gazette_ and _Reichs Arbeitsblatt_.

[1280] Ellis Barker, _Modern Germany_, 546 ff.

[1281] Burns, _Labour and Drink_, pp. 15, 18.

[1282] Newman, _The Health of the State_, p. 189.

[1283] Whittaker, _Drink Problem_, p. 10.

[1284] McMillan, _The Child and the State_, p. 4.

[1285] Newman, _Health of the State_, p. 194.

[1286] See _Reports of the Mosely Industrial Commission to the United
States_; _The Brassworkers of Berlin and of Birmingham_; _The
Gainsborough Commission, Life and Labour in Germa