side, and some are hollow, smooth, and
perforated, but they are all nevertheless balls, and accordingly all
balls can be separated out and placed in a heap by themselves. Next, the
presence of bars in the general mass is observed, some long, some short,
some straight, some twisted, some of round stock, some of square stock,
etc. These may be gathered together and placed in a separate pile at the
left of the balls. It is further observed that there are many
differently shaped annular bodies in the heap resembling generally the
single links of a chain, some circular, some elliptical, some twisted,
some made of round stock, some of square stock, etc. They are all
nevertheless annular bodies; these may be placed in a separate pile at
the left of the bars.

Now, in the remnant of the original heap, a sufficient number of similar
single elements does not remain from which to make a smaller pile of
elements. Different combinations of links, balls, and bars are, however,
observed in the remaining heap. Some are combinations of links, some
combinations of a ball and link, some of a bar and link, and some of a
bar, link, and ball. These different combinations may be separated out
in the order named and placed in separate piles. After all these things
have been removed, there is left in the original heap a number of odds
and ends or miscellaneous metal objects.

These several groups may now be arranged in the inverse order in which
(in the particular illustration adopted) they have been removed, thus:

1. Miscellaneous (remnants of the original heap of scrap).
2. Combined bar, link, and ball.
3. Combined bar and link.
4. Combined bar and ball.
5. Combined link and ball.
6. Chains.
7. Links.
8. Bars.
9. Balls.

Knowing that objects of metal scrap not covered by the specific titles
will be found in the miscellaneous group, and that the more complex
specifically-named things are to be found first after the miscellaneous
or at the left of the row of piles of materials thus separated and
arranged, and the more simple things and parts farther to the right, the
particular piles to resort to for the things wanted may be definitely
determined. The same processes may be applied to each of the piles.
Thus, balls, in the above illustration, may be divided into--

Balls--

10. Hollow perforated.
11. Hollow grooved.
12. Hollow.
13. Perforated.
14. Grooved.

Again, the same processes may be applied to a mass o