of a city has
always been conferred by grant, and no such grant is known to
have been made to Ely.

[5] An American visitor whom the writer was once conducting over
Peterborough Cathedral observed, "This is a very large church for
so small a place." Ely is about a quarter of the size of
Peterborough in respect to population.

[6] But there is no indication that such a roof actually reached
the tower.

[7] Scott's Paper, read at Bissexcentenary Festival, 1873.

[8] From the additions to Rickman's "Attempt to Discriminate the
Styles of Architecture in England," given in the 5th ed., 1848.
The "happy effect" described is in the interior of the porch.

[9] Some money was raised towards the expense of this rebuilding
by means of a brief. At Castor, co. Northants, 5_s._ 4-1/2_d._ was
sent "for Ely Cathedral"; this was in 1701. In the same year, at
Bishop's Hatfield, co. Herts, L1 5_s._ 2-1/2_d._ was raised upon
the "Brief for Ely Cathedral." In the following year a brief was
issued for a fire in the city of Ely, but it does not appear that
this had anything to do with the cathedral.

[10] "Historical Memorials," p. 116.

[11] One shield has a saltire: Bishop Barnet used a saltire with
a leopard's head in chief.

[12] Murray's "Eastern Cathedrals," p. 221.

[13] The cost of this pinnacle was defrayed by Mr. Beresford Hope.
The corresponding pinnacle on the north is still wanting. It
is, however, figured, by mistake, in the view of the east end
in Murray's "Eastern Cathedrals."

[14] Professor Willis's observations upon this subject are given
in Stewart's "Architectural History," pp. 76-81.

[15] Bishop Goodwin's "Ely Gossip," 1892, p. 48.

[Illustration: THE NAVE, LOOKING WEST.
_Photochrom Co. Ltd. Photo._]

[Illustration: S. CATHARINE'S CHAPEL.
_Photochrom Co. Ltd. Photo._]

CHAPTER III.

THE CATHEDRAL: INTERIOR.

Entering the cathedral from the west, we have the full view of the
entire building, the vista being not broken, but relieved, by the open
screen. Before examining the nave itself, the visitor should inspect the
lower part of the west tower, beneath which he is standing. The curious
labyrinth worked in the pavement was there placed by Sir G. G. Scott, and
is believed to have been designed by him,