VALIDITY OF TREATIES

All treaties or international engagements concluded after the
institution of the League will be registered with the secretariat and
published. The Assembly may from time to time advise members to
reconsider treaties which have become inapplicable or involve danger to
peace.

[Sidenote: Monroe Doctrine not to be invalidated.]

The covenant abrogates all obligations between members inconsistent with
its terms, but nothing in it shall affect the validity of international
engagements such as treaties of arbitration or regional understandings
like the Monroe Doctrine for securing the maintenance of peace.

THE MANDATORY SYSTEM

[Sidenote: For nations not able to stand alone.]

The tutelage of nations not yet able to stand by themselves will be
intrusted to advanced nations who are best fitted to undertake it. The
covenant recognizes three different stages of development requiring
different kinds of mandatories:

[Sidenote: Provisional independence.]

(a) Communities like those belonging to the Turkish Empire, which can be
provisionally recognized as independent, subject to advice and
assistance from mandatary in whose selection they would be allowed a
voice.

[Sidenote: Abuses to be prohibited.]

(b) Communities like those of Central Africa, to be administered by the
mandatary under conditions generally approved by the members of the
League, where equal opportunities for trade will be allowed to all
members; certain abuses, such as trade in slaves, arms, and liquor will
be prohibited, and the construction of military and naval bases and the
introduction of compulsory military training will be disallowed.

[Sidenote: League to determine degree of mandatary's authority.]

(c) Other communities, such as Southwest Africa and the South Pacific
Islands, but administered under the laws of the mandatary as integral
portions of its territory. In every case the mandatary will render an
annual report, and the degree of its authority will be defined.

GENERAL INTERNATIONAL PROVISIONS

[Sidenote: To maintain fair conditions of labor.]

[Sidenote: Steps for prevention and control of disease.]

Subject to and in accordance with the provisions of international
convention, existing or hereafter to be agreed upon, the members of the
League will in general endeavor, through the international organization
established by the Labor Convention, to secure and maintain fair
conditions of labor for men,