/Phrases that have gone out of use, said
| to be ARCHAIC or OBSOLETE.
|
| Brand-new words which have not become
| established in good use: as, "burglarize,"
| "enthuse," "electrocute."
|
BARBARISMS: Words and | Phrases introduced from foreign countries
phrases not English; _i.e.,_ | (called FOREIGNISMS, ALIENISMS), or
not authorized by good | peculiar to some district or province
English use. The name < (called PROVINCIALISMS). A phrase introduced
comes from a Greek | from France is called a _Gallicism_;
word meaning "foreign," | from England, an _Anglicism_. A
"strange." | phrase peculiar to America is called an
| _Americanism_. Similarly we have the
| terms _Latinism, Hellenism, Teutonism_,
| etc. All these names may be applied
| also to certain kinds of Improprieties
\and Solecisms.

IMPROPRIETIES: Good \
English words or phrases | Most errors in the use of English
used in wrong senses: | are Improprieties, which are far more
as, "I _guess_ I'll go to > common than Barbarisms and Solecisms.
bed;" "He is _stopping_ | No classification of them is here
for a week at the Berkshire | attempted.
Inn." /

SOLECISMS: Constructions not English, commonly called cases of "bad
grammar" or "false syntax": as, "She invited Mrs. Roe and _I_ to go
driving with her." "Solecism" is derived from _Soli_, the name of a Greek
tribe who lived in Cilicia and spoke bad Greek.

SLANG is a general name for current, vulgar, unauthorized language. It may
take the form of barbarism, impropriety, or solecism.

A COLLOQUIALISM is an expression peculiar to familiar conversation.

A VULGARISM is an expression peculiar to vulgar or ignorant people.

[2] This and the two following incidents are from the writer's own
observation.
[3] A.S. Hill: Foundations of Rhetoric, p. 28.
[4] Ibid., p. 20.
[5] Barrett Wendell: English Composition, p. 21.
[6] A.S. Hill: Principles of Rhetoric, revised edition, p. 16.

EXERCISE I.

1. Make a list of the provincial expressions you can th