he true Libyan. Since the receipt of Mr. Rafn's
paper, the number of characters on the Grave Creek stone which are
identical with the Celtiberic, as published in the first volume of the
Transactions of the American Ethnological Society, has been shown to be
fifteen, leaving but eight to be accounted for. By comparison, ten of
our Aonic characters of Grave Creek correspond with the Phoenician;
four with the ancient Greek; four with the Etruscan; six with the
ancient Gallic; seven with the old Erse; five with the Runic proper,
and thirteen with the Druidical, or old British, as it existed before
the invasion of Julius Caesar. The latter are, however, almost
identical, so far as the comparison goes, with the Celtiberic. Six of
the characters, which are several times repeated, however, exist in the
right hand portion of the Lybian inscription at Dugga, but the
introduction, in other parts of the monumental text, of the Arabic
element of notation by curved lines, tends to lessen the probability of
the Lybian origin of our western inscription, while it adds additional
force to the suggestions of Mr. Rafn. It is also to be noticed that M.
Jomard employed an inaccurate copy of the inscription which was
furnished him some years ago by Mr. Vail.

[6] Vide Notes on the Iroquois.

This comprehends the European branch of the obscure period of our early
continental history, and includes all the nations known to have put in
claims to share, or to anticipate, the glory of the discovery of the
continent by Columbus.

The discovery of the continent, was, indeed, a geographical wonder. It
was made contrary to the predictions of the times. Such a discovery was
not only opposed by popular opinion; but Columbus himself expected no
such thing. He sought only a new passage to the East Indies. He
insisted, with a noble constancy, that he should find land in sailing
west. But he did not expect to find, as if by the power of necromancy,
that a vast continent should rise up before his eyes. And it is
altogether questionable, whether the great navigator did not die
without a true knowledge of this fact. It will be recollected that it
was not until six years after his death, which happened in 1506, that
Balboa first discovered the Pacific from the heights of Panama, and
thus truly revealed the position of the Continent.

Sages and Philosophers do not admire results which have fallen out
contrary to their expressed views; but, in this case,